Kotecha Aachal
Glaucoma Research Unit, Moorfields Eye Hospital, and Department of Optometry, City University, London, United Kingdom.
Surv Ophthalmol. 2007 Nov;52 Suppl 2:S109-14. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2007.08.004.
Although the effects of central corneal thickness and corneal curvature on intraocular pressure measurement are well known, it has only recently become possible to measure the biomechanical properties of the cornea in vivo. This article reviews the structural and material properties of the cornea and considers the effects of corneal parameters, including biomechanics, on IOP measurement. The role of corneal biomechanics as a potential indicator of the structural integrity of the globe will also be discussed. Current evidence suggests that the importance of corneal biomechanics to the glaucoma clinician rests primarily with its effects on IOP measurement. However, the possibility that corneal biomechanics may give an indication of the structural integrity of the optic nerve head cannot be completely excluded. Further population and longitudinal studies are needed to clarify whether current in vivo measures of corneal biomechanical properties, including corneal hysteresis, prove to be independent predictors of glaucoma susceptibility.
尽管中央角膜厚度和角膜曲率对眼压测量的影响已为人熟知，但直到最近才能够在活体中测量角膜的生物力学特性。本文回顾了角膜的结构和材料特性，并考虑了包括生物力学在内的角膜参数对眼压测量的影响。还将讨论角膜生物力学作为眼球结构完整性潜在指标的作用。目前的证据表明，角膜生物力学对青光眼临床医生的重要性主要在于其对眼压测量的影响。然而，角膜生物力学可能提示视神经乳头结构完整性的可能性也不能完全排除。需要进一步的人群和纵向研究来阐明，目前包括角膜滞后在内的角膜生物力学特性的活体测量方法是否能成为青光眼易感性的独立预测指标。
