Oksanen Tuula, Kouvonen Anne, Kivimäki Mika, Pentti Jaana, Virtanen Marianna, Linna Anne, Vahtera Jussi
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Turku, Finland.
Soc Sci Med. 2008 Feb;66(3):637-49. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.10.013. Epub 2007 Nov 19.
The majority of previous research on social capital and health is limited to social capital in residential neighborhoods and communities. Using data from the Finnish 10-Town study we examined social capital at work as a predictor of health in a cohort of 9524 initially healthy local government employees in 1522 work units, who did not change their work unit between 2000 and 2004 and responded to surveys measuring social capital at work and health at both time-points. We used a validated tool to measure social capital with perceptions at the individual level and with co-workers' responses at the work unit level. According to multilevel modeling, a contextual effect of work unit social capital on self-rated health was not accounted for by the individual's socio-demographic characteristics or lifestyle. The odds for health impairment were 1.27 times higher for employees who constantly worked in units with low social capital than for those with constantly high work unit social capital. Corresponding odds ratios for low and declining individual-level social capital varied between 1.56 and 1.78. Increasing levels of individual social capital were associated with sustained good health. In conclusion, this longitudinal multilevel study provides support for the hypothesis that exposure to low social capital at work may be detrimental to the health of employees.
先前关于社会资本与健康的大多数研究仅限于居民邻里和社区的社会资本。利用芬兰十镇研究的数据，我们在一个由1522个工作单位的9524名最初健康的地方政府雇员组成的队列中，将工作场所的社会资本作为健康的预测因素进行了研究。这些雇员在2000年至2004年期间没有更换工作单位，并在两个时间点都对测量工作场所社会资本和健康状况的调查做出了回应。我们使用经过验证的工具，从个体层面的认知以及工作单位层面同事的回应来衡量社会资本。根据多层次模型，工作单位社会资本对自评健康的情境效应不能由个体的社会人口学特征或生活方式来解释。在社会资本水平持续较低的单位工作的员工，其健康受损的几率比工作单位社会资本水平持续较高的员工高出1.27倍。个体层面社会资本低水平和下降水平的相应优势比在1.56至1.78之间变化。个体社会资本水平的提高与持续良好的健康状况相关。总之，这项纵向多层次研究为以下假设提供了支持，即工作场所社会资本水平低可能对员工健康有害。
