Liu Bi-Cheng, Wu Xiao-Chun, Wang Yan-Li, Wang Bei, Gao Jun, Zhang Qing-Juan, Zhu Ying, Zhang Xiao-Liang, Yin Lian-Fang
Division of Nephrology and Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2008 Jan;387(1-2):128-32. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2007.09.020.
There is an increase prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD)worldwide. However, the exact incidence of CKD in China is still uncertain. In this cross-sectional study, we retrospectively investigated the prevalence and distribution of CKD in Chinese hospitalised adult patients.
Totally, 13,383 adults patients who were hospitalised at our hospital were included in this study. They included 6215 males and 7168 females. Patients' gender, age, blood pressure, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, albumin, hemoglobin, hemotocrit, urine protein, and history of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking were investigated. CKD was defined as eGFR<60 ML/ MIN PER 1.73 m(2) and/or proteinuria, GFR was estimated by using of the simplified MDRD equation.
The prevalence rate of CKD was 14.82% in our group, which was respectively distributed from 1 to stage 5 at the following percentage, 3.33% (stage 1), 2.49% ( stage 2), 7.07% (stage 3), 1.08% (stage 4), and 0.86% (stage 5). Elderly patients (age >65 y) accounted for 53.07%, which had a higher CKD prevalence (29.47%) than middle and young-aged patients (9.49%). It was noted that 39.06% patients at stage 1-3 were undiagnosed with CKD during their hospitalization. The common etiology for CKD was hypertension (29.49%), diabetes (11.64%) and primary glomerulonephritis (4.39%). Hypertension, diabetes and ages were main associated factors for CKD.
CKD is a very common disease among the hospitalised patients in China. With the increasing of aging population, elderly people will be the highest risk group for CKD. More strategies have to be made for its early detection and prevention.
全球慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病率呈上升趋势。然而，中国CKD的确切发病率仍不确定。在这项横断面研究中，我们回顾性调查了中国住院成年患者中CKD的患病率及分布情况。
本研究共纳入我院13383例成年住院患者，其中男性6215例，女性7168例。调查了患者的性别、年龄、血压、血清肌酐、血尿素氮、尿酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、白蛋白、血红蛋白、血细胞比容、尿蛋白以及高血压、糖尿病和吸烟史。CKD定义为估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）<60ml/min/1.73m²和/或蛋白尿，采用简化的MDRD方程估算GFR。
本研究组CKD患病率为14.82%，分别处于1至5期，各期所占百分比分别为：3.33%（1期）、2.49%（2期）、7.07%（3期）、1.08%（4期）和0.86%（5期）。老年患者（年龄>65岁）占53.07%，其CKD患病率（29.47%）高于中青年患者（9.49%）。值得注意的是，1 - 3期患者中有39.06%在住院期间未被诊断为CKD。CKD的常见病因是高血压（29.49%）、糖尿病（11.64%）和原发性肾小球肾炎（4.39%）。高血压、糖尿病和年龄是CKD的主要相关因素。
CKD在中国住院患者中是一种非常常见的疾病。随着老年人口的增加，老年人将是CKD的最高风险群体。必须制定更多策略用于早期检测和预防。
