Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
BioDrugs. 1999 Feb;11(2):137-44. doi: 10.2165/00063030-199911020-00007.
This trivalent liposomal influenza vaccine consists of purified influenza haemagglutinin inserted into a membrane of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. It contains 15microg of haemagglutinin per viral strain per dose. The vaccine is immunogenic in the elderly, in younger adults and in children and adolescents with or without cystic fibrosis. Seroconversion rates were significantly higher with the liposomal vaccine than with a subunit vaccine for 3 of 3 and 2 of 3 strains in 2 published studies. Seroconversion occurred in a significantly greater number of participants receiving the liposomal vaccine than in those receiving a whole virus vaccine for all 3 strains in 1 study. Seroprotection rates were significantly better with the liposomal vaccine than with a subunit vaccine for 2 of 3 and 1 of 3 strains in 2 trials, and greater than with a whole virus vaccine for 2 of 3 strains in 1 trial. In a study in children with cystic fibrosis, a single dose of the liposomal vaccine was reported to have greater immunogenicity than 2 half doses (statistical analysis not performed). Local adverse reactions such as pain at the injection site, local induration, redness and swelling are transient and usually mild. Liposomal influenza vaccine did not induce a mean antiphospholipid antibody response in elderly volunteers.
这种三价脂质体流感疫苗由插入磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺膜中的纯化流感血凝素组成。每剂量每病毒株含有 15 微克血凝素。该疫苗在老年人、年轻成年人以及有或没有囊性纤维化的儿童和青少年中具有免疫原性。在 2 项已发表的研究中，与亚单位疫苗相比，脂质体疫苗在 3 种流感病毒株中的 3 种和 2 种流感病毒株中，血清转化率显著更高。在 1 项研究中，与接受全病毒疫苗的参与者相比，接受脂质体疫苗的参与者中血清转化率更高。在 2 项试验中，与亚单位疫苗相比，脂质体疫苗的血清保护率在 2 种和 3 种流感病毒株中显著更好，在 1 项试验中与全病毒疫苗相比，在 2 种流感病毒株中更好。在一项囊性纤维化儿童的研究中，报告称单次剂量的脂质体疫苗比 2 次半剂量（未进行统计分析）具有更高的免疫原性。局部不良反应如注射部位疼痛、局部硬结、发红和肿胀是短暂的，通常是轻微的。在老年志愿者中，脂质体流感疫苗不会引起平均抗磷脂抗体反应。
