Pontén J, Adami H O, Sparén P
Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother. 1991;8(3):147-53. doi: 10.1007/BF02987172.
Survival, i.e. the time from report to cancer registry to death was studied for 591,456 cases of cancer diagnosed in vivo from 1960 to 1984. Ten years survival increased from 35 to 40%. Survival rates for women were higher than for men. Since 10 years survival almost suggests cure, lead time bias is assumed not to be a major factor. Nor are relaxed histological criteria, detecting non-fatal tumors, intensified microscopic examination, changes in the relative frequency of cancer types, or increasing numbers of elderly patients assumed to be major artefacts. In contrast, improved socio-economic and health status are. Early detection also improves survival in some cancer types.
对1960年至1984年间在体内诊断出的591456例癌症病例的生存情况进行了研究，即从报告到癌症登记处再到死亡的时间。十年生存率从35%提高到了40%。女性的生存率高于男性。由于十年生存率几乎意味着治愈，所以假设领先时间偏倚不是一个主要因素。放宽的组织学标准、检测非致命肿瘤、加强显微镜检查、癌症类型相对频率的变化或老年患者数量的增加也都不被认为是主要的人为因素。相比之下，社会经济和健康状况的改善才是。早期检测在某些癌症类型中也能提高生存率。
