Tsolakis H, Ragusa S
Dipartimento S.EN.FI.MI.ZO., Sezione di Entomologia, Acarologia e Zoologia, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2008 Jun;70(2):276-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.001. Epub 2007 Nov 26.
Laboratory trials were carried out to evaluate the toxicity and the influence of a commercial mixture of vegetal, essential oils, and potassium salts of fatty acids (Acaridoil 13SL) on the population growth rate (r(i)--instantaneous rate of increase) of two mite species, the phytophagous Tetranychus urticae Koch and the predator Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot. A residue of 1.3 mg/cm(2) of pesticide solution was harmless for Ph. persimilis eggs, while a moderate mortality of eggs and of larvae from treated eggs of T. urticae, was observed (53.8%). The pesticide also caused a delay in the postembryonic development of the tetranychid. Moreover, 83.4% mortality was reported for treated females tetranychids and only 24.0% for Ph. persimilis females. The pesticide influenced negatively the population growth of T. urticae which showed a very low rate of increase (r(i)=0.07), compared to that obtained in the control (r(i)=0.68). The pesticide did not affect negatively the reproductive potential of Ph. persimilis (r(i)=0.54 and r(i)=0.57 for test and control, respectively). These results suggest a considerable acaricidal activity of potassium salts of fatty acids and caraway oil on T. urticae and a good selectivity on Ph. persimilis.
进行了实验室试验，以评估一种含有植物提取物、精油和脂肪酸钾盐的商业混合物（Acaridoil 13SL）对两种螨类种群增长率（r(i)——瞬时增长率）的毒性和影响，这两种螨类分别是植食性的二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae Koch）和捕食性的智利小植绥螨（Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot）。农药溶液残留量为1.3毫克/平方厘米时，对智利小植绥螨的卵无害，而观察到二斑叶螨的卵以及经处理卵孵化出的幼虫有一定死亡率（53.8%）。该农药还导致叶螨的胚后发育延迟。此外，经处理的二斑叶螨雌螨死亡率为83.4%，而智利小植绥螨雌螨死亡率仅为24.0%。该农药对二斑叶螨的种群增长有负面影响，其增长率（r(i)=0.07）非常低，相比之下，对照组的增长率（r(i)=0.68）。该农药对智利小植绥螨的繁殖潜力没有负面影响（试验组和对照组的r(i)分别为0.54和0.57）。这些结果表明脂肪酸钾盐和葛缕子油对二斑叶螨有相当大的杀螨活性，对智利小植绥螨有良好的选择性。
