Segal Brahm H
Division of Infectious Diseases, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
Oncologist. 2007;12 Suppl 2:7-13. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.12-S2-7.
Invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in highly immunocompromised patients with cancer. Alveolar macrophages ingest inhaled conidia (spores). Through pathogen recognition receptors that ligate fungal cell wall motifs, macrophages are able to coordinate the inflammatory response to Aspergillus species. Macrophages and dendritic cells play an important role in regulating the balance between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses that are required for recruitment and activation of neutrophils, and in augmenting or attenuating cellular immunity. Macrophages are therefore a target for immune augmentation strategies that include administration of cytokines, colony-stimulating factors, and pathogen recognition receptor ligands.
侵袭性曲霉病是癌症高度免疫受损患者发病和死亡的主要原因。肺泡巨噬细胞摄取吸入的分生孢子（孢子）。通过连接真菌细胞壁基序的病原体识别受体，巨噬细胞能够协调对曲霉菌种的炎症反应。巨噬细胞和树突状细胞在调节促炎和抗炎细胞因子反应之间的平衡中起重要作用，这是招募和激活中性粒细胞所必需的，并且在增强或减弱细胞免疫方面也发挥作用。因此，巨噬细胞是免疫增强策略的靶点，这些策略包括给予细胞因子、集落刺激因子和病原体识别受体配体。
