Myers S D, Leamon S M, Nevola V R, Llewellyn M G L
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Chichester, Bishop Otter Campus, College Lane, Chicester, PO19 6PE, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2008 Apr;42(4):285-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.041533. Epub 2007 Nov 29.
The popularity of sports that expose people to consecutive days of high-intensity physical activity continues to increase. The ability to adequately nourish the human body to sustain the required level of competitive performance may be a key contributor to success in such events.
The energy expenditure of a male competitor in a single-handed, transatlantic race (Transat 2004) was assessed using the doubly-labelled water technique.
Mean total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) during the race (13 days) was 14.5 MJ/day with a peak expenditure of 18.6 MJ during the most physically demanding 24-hour period.
This mean TDEE was approximately 25% lower than that reported in a previous study (14.5 vs. 19.3 MJ/day) for a 13-day leg of a fully crewed offshore race. The difference in results was probably due to the fact that in the previous study, the crew operated in "watches" (work shifts), affording each crew member greater opportunity to eat, rest and sleep. Effective planning and efficient management of resources is essential to the success of the solo sailor. However, the extent to which maintenance of energy balance underpins competitive success remains to be established. To maintain energy balance during the race, a mean daily energy intake of 14.5 MJ/day was necessary for the subject in this study. However, this mean value for energy intake would have been inadequate to match the peak energy expended during the most physically demanding 24 hours of the race.
使人们连续多日进行高强度体育活动的运动项目越来越受欢迎。充分滋养人体以维持所需竞技水平的能力可能是此类赛事取得成功的关键因素。
采用双标水技术评估了一名男性选手在单人跨大西洋比赛（2004年跨大西洋单人不间断帆船赛）中的能量消耗。
比赛期间（13天）的平均每日总能量消耗（TDEE）为14.5兆焦耳/天，在身体需求最大的24小时内，峰值消耗为18.6兆焦耳。
这一平均TDEE比之前一项关于全船员近海比赛13天赛程的研究报告结果（14.5对19.3兆焦耳/天）低约25%。结果差异可能是由于在之前的研究中，船员是轮班作业，这让每个船员有更多机会进食、休息和睡眠。有效的计划和资源的高效管理对单人帆船手的成功至关重要。然而，能量平衡的维持在多大程度上支撑着比赛成功仍有待确定。为了在比赛期间维持能量平衡，本研究中的受试者平均每日能量摄入量需达到14.5兆焦耳/天。然而，这个能量摄入的平均值不足以匹配比赛中身体需求最大的24小时内所消耗的峰值能量。
