Estes Christopher M, Westhoff Carolyn
Division of Preventive and Ambulatory Care, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 2007 Dec;31(6):372-7. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2007.09.007.
Patients who have had an organ transplant have a need for highly effective contraception. Intrauterine devices, depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate, and implantable etonorgestrel have the highest efficacy combined with the least chance of interaction with antirejection medication regimens. Combined hormonal contraceptives and progestin-only pills are also acceptable methods for patients who do not have other contraindications to their use. Barrier method use should be advocated for any patient who is entering a new sexual relationship and as an adjunct to other methods. Consultation with a gynecologist experienced with the provision of contraceptives to medically complicated patients is advised for all women of reproductive age who have received an organ transplant.
接受器官移植的患者需要高效的避孕措施。宫内节育器、醋酸甲羟孕酮注射液和可植入的依托孕烯避孕效果最佳,且与抗排斥药物治疗方案相互作用的可能性最小。对于没有其他使用禁忌的患者,复方激素避孕药和仅含孕激素的避孕药也是可接受的避孕方法。对于任何开始新的性关系的患者,应提倡使用屏障避孕法,并作为其他避孕方法的辅助手段。建议所有接受器官移植的育龄妇女咨询有向患有复杂疾病患者提供避孕措施经验的妇科医生。