Basta Maria, Chrousos George P, Vela-Bueno Antonio, Vgontzas Alexandros N
Sleep Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Sleep Med Clin. 2007 Jun;2(2):279-291. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2007.04.002.
SynopsisIn insomnia, which is a very common sleep disorder, objective sleep measures, EEG activity, physiologic findings, HPA axis activity and inflammation markers suggest that it is not a state of sleep loss, but a disorder of hyperarousal present both during the night and the daytime. Several psychological and physiological factors contribute to the onset and perpetuation of insomnia, such as anxious-ruminative personality traits, stressful events, age-related sleep homeostasis weakening mechanisms, menopause and biologic - genetic diathesis of CNS hyperarousal. The therapeutic approach in insomnia should be multidimensional reducing the overall emotional and physiologic hyperarousal and its underlying factors present throughout the 24-h sleep/wake period.
概述
失眠是一种非常常见的睡眠障碍，客观睡眠测量、脑电图活动、生理发现、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴活动和炎症标志物表明，失眠并非睡眠缺失状态，而是一种夜间和白天均存在的高度觉醒障碍。多种心理和生理因素导致失眠的发生和持续，如焦虑-沉思型人格特质、应激事件、与年龄相关的睡眠稳态减弱机制、更年期以及中枢神经系统高度觉醒的生物-遗传素质。失眠的治疗方法应是多维度的，以降低整个24小时睡眠/觉醒周期中存在的整体情绪和生理高度觉醒及其潜在因素。
