Kondrashova Anita, Viskari Hanna, Haapala Anna-Maija, Seiskari Tapio, Kulmala Petri, Ilonen Jorma, Knip Mikael, Hyöty Heikki
Department of Virology, University of Tampere, Medical School, Biokatu 10, FI-33520 Tampere, and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Tampere Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Finland.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Mar;93(3):729-34. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-1644. Epub 2007 Dec 11.
The mechanisms leading to thyroid autoimmunity are largely unknown.
Our objective was to assess the role of environment in the development of thyroid autoimmunity.
Prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in two neighboring populations living in completely different socioeconomic circumstances (Russian Karelia and Finland) was studied.
We studied two population-based cohorts partly sharing the same ancestry.
A total of 532 schoolchildren from Russian Karelia and 532 schoolchildren in Finland matched for age, gender, and season of the blood sampling were included.
There were no interventions.
The prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb) and HLA-DQ alleles was measured.
The prevalence of TPOAb was significantly lower in Russian Karelian than in Finnish children (0.4 vs. 2.6%, P=0.006). A similar difference was observed for TGAb (0.6 vs. 3.4%, P=0.002). Finnish girls tested positive for both TPOAb (4.3 vs. 0.4%, P=0.01) and TGAb (5.3 vs. 0.9%, P=0.01) more frequently than Finnish boys. Seven of the 23 tested subjects with signs of thyroid autoimmunity (30%) had increased serum TSH concentrations as a sign of subclinical hypothyroidism. The frequency of HLA genotypes did not differ between the two countries or between autoantibody-positive and -negative subjects.
The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity is lower in Russian Karelia than in Finland. This difference was not related to ethnic background or HLA-DQ alleles. The results support the idea that the Russian Karelian environment, which is characterized by inferior prosperity and standard of hygiene, may provide protection against thyroid autoimmunity.
导致甲状腺自身免疫的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。
我们的目的是评估环境在甲状腺自身免疫发展中的作用。
研究了生活在完全不同社会经济环境中的两个相邻人群（俄罗斯卡累利阿和芬兰）中甲状腺自身抗体的患病率。
我们研究了两个部分共享相同血统的基于人群的队列。
纳入了来自俄罗斯卡累利阿的532名学童和芬兰的532名年龄、性别和采血季节相匹配的学童。
无干预措施。
测量甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）、甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TGAb）和HLA - DQ等位基因的患病率。
俄罗斯卡累利阿儿童中TPOAb的患病率显著低于芬兰儿童（0.4%对2.6%，P = 0.006）。TGAb也观察到类似差异（0.6%对3.4%，P = 0.002）。芬兰女孩TPOAb（4.3%对0.4%，P = 0.01）和TGAb（5.3%对0.9%，P = 0.01）检测呈阳性的频率均高于芬兰男孩。23名有甲状腺自身免疫迹象的受试对象中有7名（30%）血清TSH浓度升高，作为亚临床甲状腺功能减退的迹象。两国之间或自身抗体阳性和阴性受试者之间HLA基因型的频率没有差异。
俄罗斯卡累利阿的甲状腺自身免疫患病率低于芬兰。这种差异与种族背景或HLA - DQ等位基因无关。结果支持这样的观点，即以繁荣程度和卫生标准较低为特征的俄罗斯卡累利阿环境可能对甲状腺自身免疫起到保护作用。
