Shpakova N M, Bondarenko V A
Biokhimiia. 1991 Dec;56(12):2125-30.
The effect of chlorpromazine on the development of cold shock in erythrocytes exposed to sodium chloride was shown to depend on the tonicity of the medium in which the cells were cooled from 37 degrees C down to 0 degrees C as well as on the amphipate concentration. After cooling of erythrocytes in a NaCl (0.75-1.5 M)-containing medium with chlorpromazine (7 x 10(-5) M, 2.1 x 10(-4) M and 3.5 x 10(-4) M) the hypertonic cold shock was inhibited, the protective effect of the amphipate being less pronounced at its increasing concentrations. After cooling of cells under conditions of moderate hypertonicity (0.3-0.6 M NaCl) no modifying effect of chlorpromazine on the sensitivity of erythrocytes to the temperature decrease from 37 degrees C down to 0 degrees C was manifested. However, under iso- and hypertonic conditions chlorpromazine used at 2.1 x 10(-4) M and 3.5 x 10(-4) M stimulated the cold shock development in erythrocytes. A sharp increase in the medium tonicity (up to 1.8-3.0 M and higher) the cells underwent isothermal hemolysis which was more expressed at 0 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. These data suggest that chlorpromazine significantly activates the hemolytic process at low temperatures.
已表明氯丙嗪对暴露于氯化钠的红细胞冷休克发展的影响取决于细胞从37℃冷却至0℃时所处介质的张力以及两性离子浓度。在用氯丙嗪（7×10⁻⁵M、2.1×10⁻⁴M和3.5×10⁻⁴M）在含氯化钠（0.75 - 1.5M）的介质中冷却红细胞后，高渗冷休克受到抑制，随着两性离子浓度增加，其保护作用减弱。在中等高渗条件（0.3 - 0.6M氯化钠）下冷却细胞后，未表现出氯丙嗪对红细胞对从37℃降至0℃温度降低的敏感性有调节作用。然而，在等渗和高渗条件下，以2.1×10⁻⁴M和3.5×10⁻⁴M使用氯丙嗪会刺激红细胞冷休克的发展。介质张力急剧增加（高达1.8 - 3.0M及更高）时，细胞会发生等温溶血，在0℃时比在37℃时更明显。这些数据表明氯丙嗪在低温下显著激活溶血过程。
