Inoue Ken-Ichiro, Takano Hirohisa, Yanagisawa Rie, Sakurai Miho, Abe Satomi, Yoshino Shin, Yamaki Kouya, Yoshikawa Toshikazu
Environmental Health Sciences Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2007;29(3-4):403-12. doi: 10.1080/08923970701675002.
Our previous study has shown that diesel exhaust particles (DEP), main constituents in ambient particulate matters (PM), enhance airway hyperresponsivness in a murine model of allergic asthma (Takano et al., 1998). However, it remains unknown which components in DEP are responsible for the enhancement. The present study investigated the effects of repeated pulmonary exposure to DEP components (extracted organic chemicals in DEP; DEP-OC, carbonaceous nuclei of DEP after extraction; washed DEP) on lung physiology in the presence or absence of antigen. ICR mice were divided into six experimental groups. Vehicle, DEP components, ovalbumin (OVA), or DEP components plus OVA was administered intratrachally for 6 weeks. Twenty-four hr after the last instillation, cholinergic lung reactivity was examined. DEP components alone did not induce any facilitation of lung function as compared to vehicle alone. The values of total respiratory system resistance (R), elastance (E), Newtonian resistance (R(n)), tissue damping (G), and tissue elastance (H) were higher and the value of compliance (C) was lower in the OVA or the DEP component + OVA groups than in the vehicle group. In particular, the hyperreactivity was most prominent in the washed DEP + OVA group. The values in the DEP-OC + OVA group were not significantly different from those in the OVA group. These data suggest that carboneous component in DEP, rather than organic chemical one, can be attributable to the enhancement of lung hyperresponsiveness in allergic asthma.
我们之前的研究表明，柴油废气颗粒（DEP）作为环境颗粒物（PM）的主要成分，可增强过敏性哮喘小鼠模型的气道高反应性（Takano等人，1998年）。然而，DEP中的哪些成分导致这种增强作用仍不清楚。本研究调查了在有或没有抗原存在的情况下，反复肺部暴露于DEP成分（DEP中提取的有机化学物质；DEP-OC，提取后DEP的碳质核；洗涤后的DEP）对肺生理学的影响。将ICR小鼠分为六个实验组。通过气管内给予媒介物、DEP成分、卵清蛋白（OVA）或DEP成分加OVA，持续6周。在最后一次滴注后24小时，检测胆碱能肺反应性。与单独给予媒介物相比，单独的DEP成分未诱导任何肺功能促进作用。OVA组或DEP成分+OVA组的总呼吸系统阻力（R）、弹性（E）、牛顿阻力（R(n)）、组织阻尼（G）和组织弹性（H）值高于媒介物组，而顺应性（C）值低于媒介物组。特别是，洗涤后的DEP+OVA组的高反应性最为显著。DEP-OC+OVA组的值与OVA组的值无显著差异。这些数据表明，DEP中的碳质成分而非有机化学成分可导致过敏性哮喘中肺高反应性增强。
