Zankl A, Ritzmann M, Zöls S, Heinritzi K
Klinik für Schweine der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleissheim.
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2007 Nov;114(11):418-22.
Objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of various local anaesthetics (Procaine Hydrochloride, Procaine Hydrochloride + Epinephrin, Lidocaine Hydrochloride) used in castration of four to six day old male piglets. Animals of the control groups (I-IV) were treated analogous to the castration groups (V-IX) but not castrated. In groups I and V 15 minutes prior to castration/fixation the piglets were fixed as for injection but not medicated. The injection volume was standardised to 0.5 ml per testes. Local anaesthetics were applicated intratesticularly in five groups and intrascrotarly in two groups. Blood samples were taken shortly before and one, four and 24 hours after castration/fixation. The serum cortisol level was analysed to determine pain induced neuroendocrine stress reaction. To proof the tissue tolerance creatinkinase-(CK) and aspartataminotransferase-(AST) concentration were analysed. One, seven and 14 days after castration the healing process were evaluated by a wound score. Groups I to IV did not show any increase of the serum cortisol level. Contrary one hour after castration the average cortisol concentration of castration groups (V-IX) rose significantly. Cortisol concentration of the medicated castration groups (VI-IX) showed a comparable or even higher cortisol level as the not medicated control group (V). Determination of CK and AST indicated no tissue damage of the application of the local anaesthetics. The administration of local anaesthetics prior to the castration did not have any effect on the wound healing process. The results of this study lead to the conclusion that injection of local anaesthetics show a good tissue tolerance but the call for reduction of the castration pain by presurgical injection of Procaine Hydrochloride or Lidocaine Hydrochloride is not justified.
本研究的目的是检验各种局部麻醉剂（盐酸普鲁卡因、盐酸普鲁卡因+肾上腺素、盐酸利多卡因）用于阉割4至6日龄雄性仔猪的效果。对照组（I-IV）的动物接受与阉割组（V-IX）类似的处理，但未进行阉割。在I组和V组中，在阉割/固定前15分钟，仔猪按注射方式固定但未用药。注射体积标准化为每个睾丸0.5毫升。局部麻醉剂在五组中进行睾丸内注射，在两组中进行阴囊内注射。在阉割/固定前及之后1、4和24小时采集血样。分析血清皮质醇水平以确定疼痛引起的神经内分泌应激反应。为证明组织耐受性，分析了肌酸激酶（CK）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）的浓度。阉割后1、7和14天，通过伤口评分评估愈合过程。I至IV组的血清皮质醇水平未显示任何升高。相反，阉割后1小时，阉割组（V-IX）的平均皮质醇浓度显著升高。用药阉割组（VI-IX）的皮质醇浓度与未用药对照组（V）相比显示出相当甚至更高的水平。CK和AST的测定表明局部麻醉剂的应用未造成组织损伤。阉割前给予局部麻醉剂对伤口愈合过程没有任何影响。本研究结果得出结论，局部麻醉剂注射显示出良好的组织耐受性，但术前注射盐酸普鲁卡因或盐酸利多卡因以减轻阉割疼痛的做法是不合理的。
