Bigler Erin D
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2008 Jan;14(1):1-22. doi: 10.1017/S135561770808017X.
On the mild end of the acquired brain injury spectrum, the terms concussion and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have been used interchangeably, where persistent post-concussive syndrome (PPCS) has been a label given when symptoms persist for more than three months post-concussion. Whereas a brief history of concussion research is overviewed, the focus of this review is on the current status of PPCS as a clinical entity from the perspective of recent advances in the biomechanical modeling of concussion in human and animal studies, particularly directed at a better understanding of the neuropathology associated with concussion. These studies implicate common regions of injury, including the upper brainstem, base of the frontal lobe, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, medial temporal lobe, fornix, and corpus callosum. Limitations of current neuropsychological techniques for the clinical assessment of memory and executive function are explored and recommendations for improved research designs offered, that may enhance the study of long-term neuropsychological sequelae of concussion.
在获得性脑损伤谱系的轻度一端，脑震荡和轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）这两个术语一直被交替使用，其中持续性脑震荡后综合征（PPCS）是指脑震荡后症状持续超过三个月时所使用的一个标签。虽然本文概述了脑震荡研究的简要历史，但本综述的重点是从人类和动物研究中脑震荡生物力学建模的最新进展角度，探讨PPCS作为一种临床实体的现状，特别是旨在更好地理解与脑震荡相关的神经病理学。这些研究表明，损伤的常见区域包括上脑干、额叶底部、下丘脑 - 垂体轴、内侧颞叶、穹窿和胼胝体。探讨了当前用于记忆和执行功能临床评估的神经心理学技术的局限性，并提出了改进研究设计的建议，这可能会加强对脑震荡长期神经心理学后遗症的研究。
