Yim Jung-Eun, Heshka Stanley, Albu Jeanine B, Heymsfield Steven, Gallagher Dympna
Department of Medicine, Obesity Research Center, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, 1090 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY 10025, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2008 Mar;104(3):700-7. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01035.2007. Epub 2007 Dec 13.
Femoral-gluteal adipose tissue (AT) may be cardioprotective through fatty acids uptake. Femoral-gluteal AT has previously been defined as leg fat measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); however, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) are inseparable using DXA. This study investigated the independent relationships between femoral-gluteal SAT, femoral-gluteal IMAT, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors [fasting serum measures of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglycerides (TG) and insulin] and whether race differences exist in femoral-gluteal AT distribution. Adult Caucasians (56 men and 104 women), African-Americans (37 men and 76 women), and Asians (11 men and 35 women) had total AT (TAT) including femoral-gluteal AT (upper leg SAT and IMAT) and visceral AT (VAT) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). General linear models identified the independent effects of femoral-gluteal SAT and femoral-gluteal IMAT on each risk factor after covarying for TAT, VAT, age, race, sex, and two-way interactions. Femoral-gluteal IMAT and glucose (P < 0.05) were positively associated independent of VAT. There were also significant inverse associations between femoral-gluteal SAT and insulin (P < 0.01) and TG (P < 0.05), although the addition of VAT rendered these effects nonsignificant, possibly due to collinearity. Asian women had less femoral-gluteal SAT and greater VAT than Caucasians and African-Americans (P < 0.05) and Asian and African-American men had greater femoral-gluteal IMAT than Caucasians, adjusted for age and TAT (P < 0.05 for both). Femoral-gluteal SAT and femoral-gluteal IMAT distribution varies by sex and race, and these two components have independent and opposing relationships with CVD risk factors.
股臀脂肪组织（AT）可能通过脂肪酸摄取对心脏起到保护作用。股臀AT以前被定义为通过双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量的腿部脂肪；然而，使用DXA无法区分皮下脂肪组织（SAT）和肌间脂肪组织（IMAT）。本研究调查了股臀SAT、股臀IMAT与心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素[空腹血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）、甘油三酯（TG）和胰岛素测量值]之间的独立关系，以及股臀AT分布是否存在种族差异。通过磁共振成像（MRI）对成年白种人（56名男性和104名女性）、非裔美国人（37名男性和76名女性）和亚洲人（11名男性和35名女性）的总AT（TAT）进行测量，包括股臀AT（大腿上部SAT和IMAT）和内脏AT（VAT）。通用线性模型在对TAT、VAT、年龄、种族、性别和双向交互作用进行协变量调整后，确定了股臀SAT和股臀IMAT对各危险因素的独立影响。股臀IMAT与葡萄糖（P < 0.05）呈正相关，且独立于VAT。股臀SAT与胰岛素（P < 0.01）和TG（P < 0.05）之间也存在显著的负相关，尽管加入VAT后这些影响变得不显著，可能是由于共线性。在调整年龄和TAT后，亚洲女性的股臀SAT比白种人和非裔美国人少，VAT比他们多（P < 0.05），亚洲和非裔美国男性的股臀IMAT比白种人多（两者P < 0.05）。股臀SAT和股臀IMAT的分布因性别和种族而异，并且这两个组成部分与CVD危险因素存在独立且相反的关系。
