Huang Luping Z, Liu Xuhong, Griffith William H, Winzer-Serhan Ursula H
Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 2007 Dec;121(6):1342-52. doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.121.6.1342.
Developmental nicotine exposure has been implicated in the association between maternal smoking and adverse outcomes in offspring. The 3rd trimester of human pregnancy is equivalent to the 1st postnatal week in rodents; both are periods of active brain growth during which nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are transiently upregulated. Chronic neonatal nicotine (CNN; 6 mg/kg/day) from postnatal Days 1 to 7 was given orally to rat pups to evaluate long-term behavioral effects. Males and females were tested as adolescents or as young adults. CNN significantly decreased center time, ambulatory behavior, and rearing in the open-field test and decreased the number of entrances and time spent in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze in both sexes and ages. CNN did not change performance in the T maze or in the water maze in adult males or females. Motor coordination was not altered. In summary, CNN had long-term effects on anxiety-like behavior but did not affect spatial learning and memory functions. This finding is particularly important when evaluating the benefits of nicotine-replacement therapies during human pregnancies, which may improve smoking cessation rates but could result in long-term behavioral consequences.
发育过程中接触尼古丁与母亲吸烟和后代不良后果之间的关联有关。人类妊娠的第三个月相当于啮齿动物出生后的第一周；这两个时期都是大脑活跃生长的阶段，在此期间烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体会短暂上调。从出生后第1天到第7天，给新生大鼠口服慢性尼古丁（CNN；6毫克/千克/天），以评估其长期行为影响。对雄性和雌性大鼠分别作为青少年或年轻成年大鼠进行测试。在旷场试验中，CNN显著减少了中央停留时间、自主活动和竖毛行为，并且在两性和两个年龄段中，都减少了高架十字迷宫开放臂的进入次数和停留时间。CNN对成年雄性或雌性大鼠在T迷宫或水迷宫中的表现没有影响。运动协调性未改变。总之，CNN对焦虑样行为有长期影响，但不影响空间学习和记忆功能。在评估人类孕期尼古丁替代疗法的益处时，这一发现尤为重要，因为该疗法可能会提高戒烟率，但也可能导致长期行为后果。
