Sørensen M, Gill D L
The Norwegian School of Sport Science, Oslo, Norway. Marit
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008 Oct;18(5):651-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00686.x. Epub 2007 Dec 11.
This study investigated differences in the type of and number of perceived barriers to engagement in physical activity experienced by adult women and men in the same geographical area, the relationship between the experienced barriers and stages of change in relation to exercise behavior, and identified barriers related to reported engagement in leisure-time physical activity. Data were obtained from a population study by the National Institute of Public Health in two counties during 2000-2001. The sample consisted of 2709 females and 2212 men in the age groups 75, 60, 45, 40 and 30 years. Questionnaires measured barriers to engagement in physical activity, engagement in physical activity and readiness for engaging in physical activity (stages of change). Multivariate analyses of variance demonstrated significant age and gender differences in the perceptions of barriers at the various stages of change. The logistic regressions [estimated odds ratios (OR)] demonstrated that low scores for affective/cognitive and practical barriers were significantly associated with higher OR for engagement in physical activity for women, and low-priority barriers and lower age were associated with higher OR for being physically active for men. The information from this study should be valuable for designing and tailoring both motivational strategies and interventions to fit targeted groups.
本研究调查了同一地理区域内成年女性和男性在参与体育活动时所感知到的障碍类型和数量的差异、所经历的障碍与运动行为改变阶段之间的关系，并确定了与报告的休闲体育活动参与情况相关的障碍。数据来自2000 - 2001年期间国家公共卫生研究所在两个县进行的一项人群研究。样本包括年龄在75岁、60岁、45岁、40岁和30岁的2709名女性和2212名男性。问卷测量了参与体育活动的障碍、体育活动参与情况以及参与体育活动的准备程度（改变阶段）。多变量方差分析表明，在不同改变阶段对障碍的认知存在显著的年龄和性别差异。逻辑回归[估计比值比（OR）]表明，情感/认知和实际障碍得分低与女性参与体育活动的较高OR显著相关，低优先级障碍和较低年龄与男性进行体育活动的较高OR相关。本研究所得信息对于设计和定制适合目标群体的激励策略及干预措施应具有重要价值。
