Fujikura Kana, Luo Jianwen, Gamarnik Viktor, Pernot Mathieu, Fukumoto Royd, Tilson Martin David, Konofagou Elisa E
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Ultrason Imaging. 2007 Jul;29(3):137-54. doi: 10.1177/016173460702900301.
The pulse-wave velocity (PWV) has been used as an indicator of vascular stiffness, which can be an early predictor of cardiovascular mortality. A noninvasive, easily applicable method for detecting the regional pulse wave (PW) may contribute as a future modality for risk assessment. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and reproducibility of PW imaging (PWI) during propagation along the abdominal aortic wall by acquiring electrocardiography-gated (ECG-gated) radiofrequency (rf) signals noninvasively. An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) was induced using a CaCl2 model in order to investigate the utility of this novel method for detecting disease. The abdominal aortas of twelve normal and five CaCl2 mice were scanned at 30 MHz and electrocardiography (ECG) was acquired simultaneously. The radial wall velocities were mapped with 8000 frames/s. Propagation of the PW was demonstrated in a color-coded ciné-loop format all cases. In the normal mice, the wave propagated in linear fashion from a proximal to a distal region. However, in CaCl2 mice, multiple waves were initiated from several regions (i.e., most likely initiated from various calcified regions within the aortic wall). The regional PWV in normal aortas was 2.70 +/- 0.54 m/s (r2 = 0.85 +/- 0.06, n = 12), which was in agreement with previous reports using conventional techniques. Although there was no statistical difference in the regional PWV between the normal and CaCl2-treated aortas (2.95 +/- 0.90 m/s (r2 = 0.51 +/- 0.22, n = 5)), the correlation coefficient was found to be significantly lower in the CaCl2-treated aortas (p < 0.01). This state-of-the-art technique allows noninvasive mapping of vascular disease in vivo. In future clinical applications, it may contribute to the detection of early stages of cardiovascular disease, which may decrease mortality among high-risk patients.
脉搏波速度（PWV）已被用作血管僵硬度的指标，而血管僵硬度可能是心血管死亡率的早期预测指标。一种无创、易于应用的检测局部脉搏波（PW）的方法可能成为未来风险评估的一种方式。本研究的目的是通过无创采集心电图门控（ECG门控）射频（rf）信号，证明PW成像（PWI）在沿腹主动脉壁传播过程中的可行性和可重复性。使用氯化钙模型诱导腹主动脉瘤（AAA），以研究这种新方法在疾病检测中的实用性。对12只正常小鼠和5只氯化钙处理小鼠的腹主动脉进行30MHz扫描，并同时采集心电图（ECG）。以8000帧/秒的速度绘制径向壁速度图。在所有病例中，PW的传播均以彩色编码电影环格式显示。在正常小鼠中，波以线性方式从近端区域传播到远端区域。然而，在氯化钙处理的小鼠中，多个波从几个区域起始（即，很可能从主动脉壁内的各种钙化区域起始）。正常主动脉的局部PWV为2.70±0.54m/s（r2=0.85±0.06，n=12），这与先前使用传统技术的报告一致。虽然正常主动脉和氯化钙处理主动脉之间的局部PWV没有统计学差异（2.95±0.90m/s（r2=0.51±0.22，n=5）），但发现氯化钙处理主动脉的相关系数显著较低（p<0.01）。这种先进技术允许在体内对血管疾病进行无创成像。在未来的临床应用中，它可能有助于检测心血管疾病的早期阶段，这可能降低高危患者的死亡率。
