Jönsson B, Kobelt G, Smolen J
Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Health Econ. 2008 Jan;8 Suppl 2:S61-86. doi: 10.1007/s10198-007-0089-7.
This paper presents data on international differences in use of TNF inhibitors. It is part of a study on burden and cost of RA, access to new therapies and the role of HTA in determining access and cost-effectiveness. United States has the fastest most extensive use of the new drugs, about three times the average in the western European countries and Canada. Eastern and central European countries as well as Australia, South Africa and Turkey lag far behind. However, some smaller European countries, most notably Norway and Sweden have use of the new drugs not far behind the United States. While the income level of the country, and thus the health care expenditures per capita is a major factor for determining use in low and middle income countries, there are still considerable differences among countries with similar high total health care expenditures. Differences in prices are considerable between the US and Europe due to the changes in exchange rates between the US dollar and the Euro, but high and low use is not systematically related to differences in price.
本文展示了关于肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂使用情况的国际差异数据。它是一项关于类风湿关节炎负担与成本、新疗法可及性以及卫生技术评估在决定可及性和成本效益方面作用的研究的一部分。美国对这些新药的使用速度最快、范围最广，约为西欧国家和加拿大平均水平的三倍。东欧和中欧国家以及澳大利亚、南非和土耳其则远远落后。然而，一些较小的欧洲国家，最显著的是挪威和瑞典，其新药使用情况与美国相差不远。虽然国家的收入水平以及人均医疗保健支出是决定低收入和中等收入国家使用情况的主要因素，但在总医疗保健支出较高的国家之间仍存在相当大的差异。由于美元与欧元之间汇率的变化，美国和欧洲之间的价格差异相当大，但高使用量和低使用量与价格差异并无系统性关联。
