Aaltonen Jonna, Ojala Tiina, Laitinen Kirsi, Piirainen Tarja Johanna, Poussa Tuija Annika, Isolauri Erika
Functional Foods Forum, Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
J Pediatr. 2008 Jan;152(1):79-84, 84.e1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.05.048. Epub 2007 Oct 24.
To evaluate the impact of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on infant blood pressure.
Pregnant women (n = 256) were randomized into 3 groups: modified dietary intake according to current recommendations and probiotics (diet/probiotics), placebo (diet/placebo), and a control/placebo group. In the infants born to these women, blood pressure was recorded at age 6 months using an automated oscillometric DINAMAP R.
Despite significant differences in maternal dietary intakes between the study groups, the intervention focusing on maternal fat intake showed no direct impact on infants' blood pressure. Instead, a complex U-shaped interrelationship was uncovered; the highest and lowest quartiles of intakes of specific nutrients, carbohydrate (P = .006 for systolic pressure and P = .015 for diastolic pressure), and monounsaturated fatty acids (P = .029 for diastolic pressure) compared with the middle quartiles resulted in higher blood pressure at age 6 months. The pattern between maternal carbohydrate intake during pregnancy and infants' blood pressure remained significant even after adjustment for breastfeeding and body length. A reverse U-shaped trend again was observed between maternal intake of fruits and infants' systolic blood pressure (P = .077).
With a view toward programming blood pressure to adulthood, our results suggest an opportunity for dietary counseling to promote child health.
评估孕期母亲营养对婴儿血压的影响。
将256名孕妇随机分为3组：根据当前建议调整饮食摄入并补充益生菌（饮食/益生菌组）、安慰剂组（饮食/安慰剂组）和对照组/安慰剂组。对这些女性所生婴儿，在其6个月大时使用自动示波法DINAMAP R记录血压。
尽管研究组之间母亲的饮食摄入量存在显著差异，但针对母亲脂肪摄入的干预对婴儿血压没有直接影响。相反，发现了一种复杂的U型相互关系；与中间四分位数相比，特定营养素（碳水化合物，收缩压P = 0.006，舒张压P = 0.015）和单不饱和脂肪酸（舒张压P = 0.029）摄入量的最高和最低四分位数导致6个月大时血压升高。即使在对母乳喂养和身长进行调整后，孕期母亲碳水化合物摄入量与婴儿血压之间的模式仍然显著。在母亲水果摄入量与婴儿收缩压之间再次观察到倒U型趋势（P = 0.077）。
为了将血压编程至成年期，我们的结果表明有机会通过饮食咨询促进儿童健康。
