Mueller Trisha E, Gavin Lorrie E, Kulkarni Aniket
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Reproductive Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2008 Jan;42(1):89-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.002. Epub 2007 Nov 7.
Sex education is intended to provide youth with the information and skills needed to make healthy and informed decisions about sex. This study examined whether exposure to formal sex education is associated with three sexual behaviors: ever had sexual intercourse, age at first episode of sexual intercourse, and use of birth control at first intercourse.
Data used were from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth, a nationally representative survey. The sample included 2019 never-married males and females aged 15-19 years. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using SUDAAN. Interactions among subgroups were also explored.
Receiving sex education was associated with not having had sexual intercourse among males (OR = .42, 95% CI = .25-.69) and postponing sexual intercourse until age 15 among both females (OR = .41, 95% CI = .21-.77) and males (OR = .29, 95% CI = .17-.48). Males attending school who had received sex education were also more likely to use birth control the first time they had sexual intercourse (OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.13-6.81); however, no associations were found among females between receipt of sex education and birth control use. These patterns varied among sociodemographic subgroups.
Formal sex education may effectively reduce adolescent sexual risk behaviors when provided before sexual initiation. Sex education was found to be particularly important for subgroups that are traditionally at high risk for early initiation of sex and for contracting sexually transmitted diseases.
性教育旨在为青少年提供有关性方面做出健康且明智决策所需的信息和技能。本研究调查了接受正规性教育是否与三种性行为相关：曾有过性交、首次性交的年龄以及首次性交时使用避孕措施的情况。
使用的数据来自2002年全国家庭成长调查，这是一项具有全国代表性的调查。样本包括2019名年龄在15 - 19岁之间的未婚男性和女性。使用SUDAAN进行双变量和多变量分析。还探讨了亚组之间的相互作用。
接受性教育与男性未发生过性交相关（比值比 = 0.42，95%置信区间 = 0.25 - 0.69），并且与女性（比值比 = 0.41，95%置信区间 = 0.21 - 0.77）和男性（比值比 = 0.29，95%置信区间 = 0.17 - 0.48）将性交推迟到15岁相关。接受性教育的在校男性在首次性交时也更有可能使用避孕措施（比值比 = 2.77，95%置信区间 = 1.13 - 6.81）；然而，在接受性教育的女性与避孕措施使用之间未发现关联。这些模式在社会人口统计学亚组中有所不同。
在性开始之前提供正规性教育可能有效降低青少年的性风险行为。性教育被发现对于传统上性早熟和感染性传播疾病风险较高的亚组尤为重要。
