Walsh Mark S, Waters Jeff, Kersting Uwe G
Physical Education, Health and Sports Studies Department, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA.
Res Sports Med. 2007 Oct-Dec;15(4):283-95. doi: 10.1080/15438620701693306.
The purposes of this study were to examine gender differences during drop jumps, to evaluate the effect of a set of simple instructions on kinematic and kinetic parameters during a drop jump, and to determine if there are gender differences in the effects of instruction on those parameters. Twenty-five basketball players, 13 men and 12 women, performed drop jumps from a box (height 30.5 cm) after being asked to perform a land and jump movement as they normally would do when aiming at maximum jump height. The experimental group received a set of instructions designed to make them land softer. The measured parameters were impact force at landing, ground contact time, flight time, frontal plane knee angle, sagittal plane knee angle, and distance between the knees. When the groups were examined by gender, no differences in the parameters were seen in men after instruction, but in women the following significant differences were detected: an increase in contact time, a decrease in landing force, and a decrease in inward movement of the knees after landing. These data indicate that females respond differently to jumping/landing instructions.
本研究的目的是检验纵跳过程中的性别差异，评估一组简单指令对纵跳过程中运动学和动力学参数的影响，并确定指令对这些参数的影响是否存在性别差异。25名篮球运动员（13名男性和12名女性）从一个箱子（高度30.5厘米）上进行纵跳，要求他们像在争取最大跳跃高度时正常那样进行落地和跳跃动作。实验组接受了一组旨在让他们更轻柔落地的指令。测量的参数包括落地冲击力、地面接触时间、飞行时间、额状面膝关节角度、矢状面膝关节角度以及双膝之间的距离。按性别对两组进行检查时，接受指令后男性的参数没有差异，但在女性中检测到以下显著差异：接触时间增加、落地力减小以及落地后双膝向内移动减小。这些数据表明，女性对跳跃/落地指令的反应不同。
