Lytle Leslie A, Eszery Mary Kay, Nicklas Theresa, Montgomery Deanna, Zive Michelle, Evans Marguerite, Snyder Patricia, Nichaman Milton, Kelder Steven H, Reed Debra, Busch Ellen, Mitchell Paul
School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454.
J Nutr Educ. 1996 Nov;28(6):338-347. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3182(96)70123-1.
The purpose of this article is to report on baseline intakes of 1874 third-grade children representing a subsample of the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) cohort. Intakes were assessed using a single, food record-assisted, 24-hour recall. The sample is unique in that it is drawn from four states and includes students from various ethnic backgrounds. Nutrients of interest include total energy, sodium, dietary cholesterol, and percent of energy from total fat and saturated fat. At baseline, third-grade students were consuming above nationally recommended levels of energy from fat, saturated fat, and sodium. The CATCH findings show a mean energy intake of 2031 kcal with significant differences by sex. Significant differences by site were seen for percent of energy from total fat, saturated fat, and dietary cholesterol. Children from Minnesota consumed the lowest proportion of energy from total fat and saturated fat while children from Texas had the highest proportion of energy from total fat and saturated fat. Intake of dietary cholesterol was lowest in Minnesota and highest in Louisiana. Nutrient differences by ethnic group were seen only for energy, with African Americans having the highest energy intake and Hispanics having the lowest energy intake. The number of meals consumed from school food service significantly influenced children's nutrient, intake; children consuming two meals from school food service had significantly greater intakes of energy, saturated fat, and dietary cholesterol compared to students consuming one or no meals from school food-service. The results are compared to other national nutritional surveys of children.
本文旨在报告1874名三年级儿童的基线摄入量，这些儿童是儿童与青少年心血管健康试验（CATCH）队列的一个子样本。摄入量通过单一的、食物记录辅助的24小时回忆法进行评估。该样本的独特之处在于它来自四个州，包括不同种族背景的学生。感兴趣的营养素包括总能量、钠、膳食胆固醇以及来自总脂肪和饱和脂肪的能量百分比。在基线时，三年级学生摄入的来自脂肪、饱和脂肪和钠的能量高于国家推荐水平。CATCH研究结果显示，平均能量摄入量为2031千卡，存在显著的性别差异。在总脂肪、饱和脂肪和膳食胆固醇的能量百分比方面，不同地点存在显著差异。明尼苏达州的儿童摄入的来自总脂肪和饱和脂肪的能量比例最低，而得克萨斯州的儿童摄入的来自总脂肪和饱和脂肪的能量比例最高。膳食胆固醇的摄入量在明尼苏达州最低，在路易斯安那州最高。仅在能量方面观察到不同种族群体的营养素差异，非裔美国人的能量摄入量最高，西班牙裔的能量摄入量最低。从学校食品服务中用餐的次数对儿童的营养素摄入量有显著影响；与从学校食品服务中用餐一顿或未用餐的学生相比，从学校食品服务中用餐两顿的儿童在能量、饱和脂肪和膳食胆固醇的摄入量上显著更高。将这些结果与其他全国性儿童营养调查进行了比较。
