Lytle L A, Nichaman M Z, Obarzanek E, Glovsky E, Montgomery D, Nicklas T, Zive M, Feldman H
Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1993 Dec;93(12):1431-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-8223(93)92247-u.
The objective of the study was to validate the use of 24-hour recalls assisted by food records as a dietary assessment tool for use with third-grade children.
Trained staff observed children during mealtime at school, and parents observed and recorded what children ate in their presence. The following day children participated in a 24-hour recall interview. Children's ability to recall what they consumed during a 24-hour period was compared with observational data collected during the same period.
All data were collected in elementary school settings at four sites involved in the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health.
The sample of 49 children was self-selected, based on parents' willingness to observe and record their child's food intake.
Recalled and observed data for energy and nutrient levels were compared using mean energy and nutrient analysis and quartile classification. In addition, recalled and observed foods were compared by meal type and estimation of portion size.
Paired t tests, Pearson and Spearman correlations, and classification analysis were used to compare recalled and observed data.
Comparison of observed and recalled food intakes showed no significant differences in percentage of energy from total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and polyunsaturated fat or in the amount of sodium consumed, although there were differences in energy intakes. Spearman rank order correlations between recalled and observed nutrients ranged from .45 to .79. A 77.9% agreement was found across all meals in the food items children recalled having consumed compared with those adults actually observed them consuming.
We conclude that the 24-hour recall assisted by food records is a valid method for assessing the dietary intake of children as young as 8 years old for the purpose of group comparison.
本研究的目的是验证借助食物记录的24小时回顾法作为评估三年级儿童饮食的工具的有效性。
训练有素的工作人员在学校用餐时间观察儿童，家长观察并记录孩子在他们面前所吃的食物。第二天，儿童参加24小时回顾访谈。将儿童回忆他们在24小时内所摄入食物的能力与同一时期收集的观察数据进行比较。
所有数据均在参与儿童和青少年心血管健康试验的四个地点的小学环境中收集。
49名儿童的样本是根据家长愿意观察和记录孩子食物摄入量自行选择的。
使用平均能量和营养素分析以及四分位数分类法比较回忆和观察到的能量和营养素水平数据。此外，还按餐别类型和份量估计对回忆和观察到的食物进行比较。
采用配对t检验、Pearson和Spearman相关性分析以及分类分析来比较回忆和观察到的数据。
观察到的和回忆起的食物摄入量比较显示，总脂肪、饱和脂肪、单不饱和脂肪和多不饱和脂肪提供的能量百分比或钠摄入量方面无显著差异，尽管能量摄入量存在差异。回忆和观察到的营养素之间的Spearman等级相关性在0.45至0.79之间。在儿童回忆食用的食物项目与成人实际观察到他们食用的食物项目之间，所有餐次的一致性为77.9%。
我们得出结论，借助食物记录的24小时回顾法是评估8岁儿童饮食摄入量以进行组间比较的有效方法。
