母乳并非总是最佳选择：倡导正常的婴儿喂养方式。
Breast is no longer best: promoting normal infant feeding.
作者信息
Berry Nina J, Gribble Karleen D
机构信息
Centre for Health Initiatives, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
Matern Child Nutr. 2008 Jan;4(1):74-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2007.00100.x.
Abstract
The recent release of new growth charts by the World Health Organization (WHO) heralds a fresh understanding of what constitutes normal infant growth and development. The Multicenter Growth Reference Study that underpins these new growth standards 'establish[es] breastfed infants as the normative model for growth and development'. This is in contrast to past practice, which treated breastfeeding as the optimal, rather than the normal, way to feed babies. This idealization of breastfeeding has been counterproductive, because it has reinforced a perception that formula feeding is the standard way of feeding babies. It is, therefore, suggested that breastfeeding promotion and education programmes should abandon the 'breast is best' message in favour of messages that normalize breastfeeding, and that future research ought to use infants breastfed according to WHO recommendations as the norm reference or control group in every instance.
摘要
世界卫生组织（WHO）最近发布的新生长图表预示着对正常婴儿生长发育构成要素有了新的认识。支撑这些新生长标准的多中心生长参考研究“将母乳喂养婴儿确立为生长发育的规范模式”。这与过去的做法形成对比，过去将母乳喂养视为喂养婴儿的最佳方式，而非正常方式。这种对母乳喂养的理想化产生了适得其反的效果，因为它强化了一种观念，即配方奶喂养是喂养婴儿的标准方式。因此，有人建议母乳喂养促进和教育项目应摒弃“母乳是最好的”这一信息，转而采用使母乳喂养常态化的信息，并且未来的研究在任何情况下都应以按照WHO建议进行母乳喂养的婴儿作为标准参照或对照组。
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