Milić Mirta, Kasuba Vilena, Orescanin Visnja, Zeljezić Davor, Kopjar Nevenka, Rozgaj Ruzica
Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
J Appl Toxicol. 2008 Apr;28(3):399-404. doi: 10.1002/jat.1327.
To investigate whether occupational exposure to tobacco dust is genotoxic, a group of employees in a tobacco factory was tested for structural chromosome aberrations (CA), cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) that are well established as indicators of early biological effects. The study group consisted of 40 tobacco workers and an equal number of matched controls. The results obtained in the exposed group showed a significant increase in chromosome aberrations (R=0.26), micronucleus frequency (R=0.56) and in sister chromatid exchanges (R=0.75), which was additionally influenced by smoking. A significant increase in high frequency cells (HFC) in the exposed group was also observed. Like the SCE frequency, the HFC frequency increased significantly in smokers of the control and exposed smokers. The study indicates that occupational exposure to tobacco dust induces genome damage. A higher risk was observed in women. The micronucleus frequency and sister chromatid exchange tests seem to be more reliable indicators of genome damage than chromosome aberrations in monitoring chronically exposed subjects.
为了研究职业接触烟草粉尘是否具有遗传毒性，对一家烟草厂的一组员工进行了结构染色体畸变（CA）、胞质分裂阻断微核试验（CBMN）和姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）检测，这些都是公认的早期生物学效应指标。研究组由40名烟草工人和同等数量的匹配对照组组成。暴露组的结果显示，染色体畸变（R=0.26）、微核频率（R=0.56）和姐妹染色单体交换（R=0.75）显著增加，吸烟对此有额外影响。暴露组中高频细胞（HFC）也显著增加。与SCE频率一样，对照组吸烟者和暴露组吸烟者的HFC频率均显著增加。该研究表明，职业接触烟草粉尘会导致基因组损伤。女性的风险更高。在监测长期暴露的受试者时，微核频率和姐妹染色单体交换试验似乎比染色体畸变更可靠地反映基因组损伤。
