Bernaards Claire M, Ariëns Geertje A M, Simons Monique, Knol Dirk L, Hildebrandt Vincent H
Department of Occupational and Public Health, Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Occup Rehabil. 2008 Mar;18(1):87-101. doi: 10.1007/s10926-007-9117-9. Epub 2008 Jan 4.
The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a group-based interactive work style intervention in improving work style behavior.
Computer workers with neck and upper limb symptoms were randomised into the work style group (WS, N = 152), the work style and physical activity group (WSPA, N = 156), or the usual care group (N = 158). Both intervention groups received the same work style intervention but the WSPA group also received a lifestyle physical activity intervention. Participants from the intervention groups attended six group meetings which focused on behavioral change with regard to body posture and workstation adjustment, breaks, and coping with high work demands in order to reduce work stress. Stage of change, breaks and exercise behavior, and stress outcomes were assessed by questionnaire at baseline (T0) and after 6 (T1) and 12 months (T2). Body posture and workstation adjustment were assessed by observation and by questionnaire at T0, T1, and T2. Multilevel analyses were used to study differences in work style behavior between study groups.
The work style intervention was effective in improving stage of change with regard to body posture, workstation adjustment, and the use of sufficient breaks during computer work. These findings were confirmed by higher self-reported use of breaks and exercise reminder software and less working hours without breaks. However, self-reported changes in body posture and workstation adjustment were less consistent. The work style intervention was ineffective in changing stress outcomes.
A group-based work style intervention seems to be effective in improving some elements of work style behavior. Future studies should investigate the effectiveness of work style interventions on all dimensions of the Feuerstein work style model.
本研究的目的是评估基于小组的互动式工作方式干预对改善工作方式行为的有效性。
有颈部和上肢症状的计算机工作者被随机分为工作方式组（WS，N = 152）、工作方式与身体活动组（WSPA，N = 156）或常规护理组（N = 158）。两个干预组都接受相同的工作方式干预，但WSPA组还接受了生活方式身体活动干预。干预组的参与者参加了六次小组会议，这些会议聚焦于身体姿势和工作站调整、休息以及应对高工作需求方面的行为改变，以减轻工作压力。在基线（T0）、6个月（T1）和12个月（T2）后，通过问卷评估改变阶段、休息和锻炼行为以及压力结果。在T0、T1和T2通过观察和问卷评估身体姿势和工作站调整。采用多水平分析研究各研究组之间工作方式行为的差异。
工作方式干预在改善身体姿势、工作站调整以及在计算机工作期间使用足够休息时间的改变阶段方面是有效的。更高的自我报告的休息和锻炼提醒软件使用频率以及更少的无休息工作时长证实了这些发现。然而，自我报告的身体姿势和工作站调整变化不太一致。工作方式干预在改变压力结果方面无效。
基于小组的工作方式干预似乎在改善工作方式行为的某些方面是有效的。未来的研究应该调查工作方式干预对费尔斯坦工作方式模型所有维度的有效性。
