Alaedini Armin, Green Peter H R
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Autoimmunity. 2008 Feb;41(1):19-26. doi: 10.1080/08916930701619219.
Autoantibody production is an important feature of many autoimmune disorders, signifying a breakdown of immune tolerance to self-antigens. In celiac disease, an autoimmune enteropathy with multiple extra-intestinal manifestations, autoantibody reactivity to transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has been shown to closely correlate with the acute phase of the disease. It serves as a specific and sensitive marker of celiac disease, and is highly useful in aiding diagnosis and follow-up. Immune reactivity to other autoantigens, including transglutaminase 3, actin, ganglioside, collagen, calreticulin and zonulin, among others, has also been reported in celiac disease. The clinical significance of these antibodies is not known, although some may be associated with specific clinical presentations or extra-intestinal manifestations of celiac disease. This review examines the presence of anti-TG2 and other autoantibodies in celiac disease, discussing their diagnostic value, their potential role in disease pathogenesis and current hypotheses that explain how their release may be triggered.
自身抗体产生是许多自身免疫性疾病的一个重要特征，标志着对自身抗原的免疫耐受遭到破坏。在乳糜泻（一种伴有多种肠外表现的自身免疫性肠病）中，针对组织转谷氨酰胺酶2（TG2）的自身抗体反应已被证明与该病的急性期密切相关。它是乳糜泻的一种特异性和敏感性标志物，在辅助诊断和随访中非常有用。在乳糜泻中也报道了对其他自身抗原的免疫反应，包括转谷氨酰胺酶3、肌动蛋白、神经节苷脂、胶原蛋白、钙网蛋白和闭合蛋白等。这些抗体的临床意义尚不清楚，尽管有些可能与乳糜泻的特定临床表现或肠外表现有关。这篇综述探讨了乳糜泻中抗TG2和其他自身抗体的存在情况，讨论了它们的诊断价值、在疾病发病机制中的潜在作用以及目前解释其释放可能如何被触发的假说。
