Hawelka Stefan, Wimmer Heinz
Vision Res. 2008 Mar;48(6):850-2. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2007.11.003. Epub 2008 Jan 4.
In two previous studies we assessed a difficulty of dyslexic readers with letter string processing by using variants of the partial report paradigm, e.g., Averbach and Coriell [Averbach, E., & Coriell, A. S. (1961). Short-term memory in vision. Bell Systems Technical Journal, 40, 309-328] which requires report of a letter name in response to a position cue. The poor dyslexic performance was interpreted as evidence for a visual-attentional deficit of dyslexic readers. In the present study, we avoided verbal report by using a task which only required the detection of predefined targets (letters or pseudoletters) in strings. On this purely visual task, the dyslexic readers did not differ from non-impaired readers. This finding speaks against a basic visual-attentional deficit; rather it suggests that the dyslexic deficit on partial report paradigms stems from a problem in establishing a string representation which includes position and name codes.
在之前的两项研究中,我们通过使用部分报告范式的变体,例如Averbach和Coriell [Averbach, E., & Coriell, A. S. (1961). 视觉中的短期记忆。《贝尔系统技术杂志》,40, 309 - 328],来评估阅读障碍读者在字母串处理方面的困难,该范式要求根据位置线索报告字母名称。阅读障碍患者表现不佳被解释为阅读障碍读者存在视觉注意缺陷的证据。在本研究中,我们使用了一项仅要求检测字符串中预定义目标(字母或假字母)的任务,从而避免了言语报告。在这个纯粹的视觉任务中,阅读障碍读者与未受损读者没有差异。这一发现反驳了基本视觉注意缺陷的观点;相反,它表明部分报告范式中的阅读障碍缺陷源于建立包含位置和名称代码的字符串表征时出现的问题。