Graham Carol
Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2008 Jan-Feb;27(1):72-87. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.27.1.72.
This paper reviews the happiness-health relationship from an economics perspective, highlighting the role of adaptation. People's expectations for health standards influence their reported health and associated happiness, a finding that roughly mirrors the Easterlin paradox in income and happiness. Research on unhappiness and obesity shows that norms and stigma vary a great deal across countries and cohorts, mediating the related well-being costs. Better understanding this variance and its effects on incentives for addressing the condition is important to policy design. More generally, the paper discusses how happiness surveys can-and cannot-inform public health policy.
本文从经济学角度审视幸福与健康的关系,着重强调适应的作用。人们对健康标准的期望会影响他们报告的健康状况及相关幸福感,这一发现大致反映了收入与幸福方面的伊斯特林悖论。关于不幸福与肥胖的研究表明,不同国家和人群的规范及污名化现象差异很大,这调节着相关的幸福成本。更好地理解这种差异及其对解决该状况的激励措施的影响,对政策设计很重要。更广泛地说,本文讨论了幸福调查在哪些方面能够——以及不能——为公共卫生政策提供信息。