Ranta Klaus, Kaltiala-Heino Riittakerttu, Pelkonen Mirjami, Marttunen Mauri
Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Box 2000, FIN-33521 Tampere, Finland.
J Adolesc. 2009 Feb;32(1):77-93. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.11.005. Epub 2008 Jan 14.
Associations of peer victimization with adolescent depression and social phobia (SP), while controlling for comorbidity between them, have not been sufficiently explored in earlier research. A total of 3156 Finnish adolescents aged 15-16 years participated in a survey study. Self-reported peer victimization, as well as self-reported depression (Beck Depression Inventory), SP (Social Phobia Inventory), and selected background variables were assessed. Frequency of overt and covert peer victimization was examined among four groups: (1) adolescents with depression non-comorbid with SP (DEP), (2) those with SP non-comorbid with depression (SP), (3) those with both SP and depression (SP+DEP), and (4) controls, with neither. A logistic regression analysis controlling for confounding familial (family moving, parental unemployment), and psychopathology (delinquency, aggressiveness, general anxiety) covariates was conducted to confirm the associations between peer victimization and the four groups. Among boys the comorbid SP+DEP group reported the highest rates of both overt and covert victimization, these being significantly higher than among both DEP and SP groups. Among girls covert victimization was again most frequent in the SP+DEP group, but overt victimization was not more frequent in the comorbid group than it was in the DEP and SP groups. In the logistic regression analysis depression without SP did not maintain an independent association with either type of victimization. Instead, SP without depression with ORs from 2.8 to 4.3, and SP comorbid with depression, with ORs between 3.2 and 11.4 had independent associations with peer victimization. In conclusion, overt and covert peer victimization seem to be associated with SP, rather than depression, among adolescents.
在控制青少年抑郁症和社交恐惧症（SP）之间的共病情况时，以往研究对二者之间的关联尚未进行充分探讨。共有3156名年龄在15 - 16岁的芬兰青少年参与了一项调查研究。对自我报告的同伴受害情况、抑郁症（贝克抑郁量表）、社交恐惧症（社交恐惧症量表）以及选定的背景变量进行了评估。在四组人群中考察了公开和隐蔽的同伴受害频率：（1）患有抑郁症但不合并社交恐惧症的青少年（DEP），（2）患有社交恐惧症但不合并抑郁症的青少年（SP），（3）同时患有社交恐惧症和抑郁症的青少年（SP + DEP），以及（4）两者都未患的对照组。进行了逻辑回归分析，控制了混杂的家庭因素（家庭搬迁、父母失业）和精神病理学因素（犯罪、攻击性、广泛性焦虑）协变量，以确认同伴受害与这四组之间的关联。在男孩中，共病的SP + DEP组报告的公开和隐蔽受害率最高，显著高于DEP组和SP组。在女孩中，隐蔽受害在SP + DEP组中再次最为频繁，但共病组的公开受害并不比DEP组和SP组更频繁。在逻辑回归分析中，不合并社交恐惧症的抑郁症与任何一种受害类型均无独立关联。相反，不合并抑郁症的社交恐惧症，其比值比为2.8至4.3，以及合并抑郁症的社交恐惧症，其比值比在3.2至11.4之间，与同伴受害存在独立关联。总之，在青少年中，公开和隐蔽的同伴受害似乎与社交恐惧症相关，而非抑郁症。
