Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA; 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
J Adolesc. 2021 Aug;91:59-70. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.07.006. Epub 2021 Jul 29.
The present study examined the relationships between bullying victimization experiences, body esteem (BE), and body dissatisfaction (BD) by obesity status.
Using a cross-sectional design, adolescents (10-16y) from the U.S. completed surveys. Weight and height were objectively assessed. Bullying was assessed using the Personal Experiences Checklist, with a total score that included three subscales (cyber, verbal-relational, and physical). BE was assessed using total score on the BE Scale, and BD was assessed using the Body Image Assessment for Pre-Adolescents, operationalized as the discrepancy between current and ideal body figure. Linear regression models, controlling for sociodemographics, were used to examine obesity status (with vs. without obesity) and sex as moderators of the relationships between bullying, BE, and BD.
On average, adolescents (n = 328) were 12.6 ± 1.9 y, 45.4% male, 58.2% White, 35.7% Black, and 36.0% had obesity. Obesity status moderated the relationship between bullying experiences and BE, such that these relationships were only significant (B = -0.38, p<.05) among adolescents with obesity compared to adolescents without obesity. In both groups, greater verbal-relational bullying experiences were associated with lower BE, while greater physical bullying experiences were related to higher BE only among adolescents with obesity. In adolescent girls without obesity, greater cyberbullying experiences were associated with lower BD.
The findings suggest different associations between sub-types of bullying victimization experiences and BE and BD, highlighting the importance of examining these associations separately by obesity status.
本研究通过肥胖状况检验了受欺凌经历、身体自尊（BE）和身体不满（BD）之间的关系。
采用横断面设计，美国青少年（10-16 岁）完成问卷调查。体重和身高通过客观评估进行测量。使用个人经历检查表评估欺凌行为，该检查表包括三个分量表（网络、言语关系和身体）的总分。BE 通过 BE 量表的总分进行评估，BD 通过针对青春期前的身体形象评估进行评估，具体表现为当前和理想身体形象之间的差异。使用线性回归模型，控制社会人口统计学因素，检验肥胖状况（有或没有肥胖）和性别作为欺凌、BE 和 BD 之间关系的调节因素。
平均而言，青少年（n=328）年龄为 12.6±1.9 岁，45.4%为男性，58.2%为白人，35.7%为黑人，36.0%患有肥胖症。肥胖状况调节了欺凌经历与 BE 之间的关系，只有肥胖的青少年（B=-0.38，p<.05）存在这种关系，而非肥胖的青少年则没有。在两组青少年中，更多的言语关系欺凌经历与较低的 BE 相关，而更多的身体欺凌经历仅与肥胖青少年的 BE 升高相关。在没有肥胖的青春期女孩中，更多的网络欺凌经历与较低的 BD 相关。
研究结果表明，受欺凌经历的亚类型与 BE 和 BD 之间存在不同的关联，强调了按肥胖状况分别检查这些关联的重要性。
