Watt E W, Wiley J, Fletcher G F
Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Aug;29(8):900-4. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/29.8.900.
The effects of 12 weeks of exercise training without dietary control (n = 30) and exercise training with dietary control by dietition counseling (n = 30) and exercise training with dietary control by dietition counseling (n = 30) on serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and total substrate contents were studied in 60 postmyocardial infarction patients. Both groups showed reductions (P less than 0.01) in mean total daily kilocalories consumed (2867 +/- 82 versus 2088 +/- 77 and 2848 +/- 15 versus 1285 +/- 68, respectively); however, no significant change occurred in total body weight. The dietary control group consumed relatively more kilocalories as protein than the group without dietary control (285 of 1,285 versus 389 of 2,088, respectively) and less (P less than 0.05) as fat (443 of 1285 versus 804 of 2,089, respectively). Both groups had lower (P less than 0.01) mean daily dietary cholesterol after 12 weeks (811 +/- 44 versus 232 +/- 17 mg) versus (325 +/- 18 versus 309 +/- 23 mg, respectively). A reduction in serum cholesterol (P less than 0.05) was seen in the dietary control group (270 +/- 8 versus 243 +/- 7 mg/dl) but not in the group without dietary control (260 +/- 6 versus 261 +/- 7 mg/dl). The dietary control group had a lower mean triglyceride level (P less than 0.05) (229 +/- 24 versus 155 +/- 18 mg/dl)) but no differences were seen in the group without dietary control (189 +/- 15 versus 180 +/- 13 mg/dl). It is concluded that significant reductions in caloric intake and daily cholesterol compliment the effects of exercise training in postmyocardial infarction patients by increasing substrate protein:fat consumption ratio and by reducing serum cholesterol and triglycerides. These effects are not seen with exercise training alone.
在60例心肌梗死后患者中，研究了12周无饮食控制的运动训练（n = 30）、由营养师咨询进行饮食控制的运动训练（n = 30）以及由营养师咨询进行饮食控制的运动训练（n = 30）对血清胆固醇、血清甘油三酯和总底物含量的影响。两组每日平均总热量摄入均减少（P < 0.01）（分别为2867±82千卡对2088±77千卡以及2848±15千卡对1285±68千卡）；然而，总体体重未发生显著变化。饮食控制组摄入的蛋白质热量相对高于无饮食控制组（分别为1285千卡中的285千卡对2088千卡中的389千卡），而摄入的脂肪热量相对较少（P < 0.05）（分别为1285千卡中的443千卡对2089千卡中的804千卡）。两组在12周后的每日平均饮食胆固醇均较低（P < 0.01）（分别为811±44毫克对232±17毫克）以及（325±18毫克对309±23毫克）。饮食控制组的血清胆固醇有所降低（P < 0.05）（从270±8毫克/分升降至243±7毫克/分升），而无饮食控制组则未出现变化（从260±6毫克/分升降至261±7毫克/分升）。饮食控制组的平均甘油三酯水平较低（P < 0.05）（从229±24毫克/分升降至155±18毫克/分升），而无饮食控制组未观察到差异（从189±15毫克/分升降至180±13毫克/分升）。得出的结论是，热量摄入和每日胆固醇的显著降低通过提高底物蛋白质：脂肪消耗比以及降低血清胆固醇和甘油三酯，增强了运动训练对心肌梗死后患者的影响。单独进行运动训练则未观察到这些效果。
