Hald B
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
IARC Sci Publ. 1991(115):49-56.
Numerous surveys conducted in North America, Asia and Europe have revealed that ochratoxin A is a natural contaminant of plant products. Contamination frequencies of up to 40% have been encountered, at levels in the range of 5-500 micrograms/kg. Ochratoxin A is a major causal determinant of the disease porcine nephropathy; but other nephrotoxic mycotoxins, such as citrinin and the fungal quinones, may be involved. The disease is characterized clinically by polyuria and growth depression. Renal lesions in pigs include degeneration of the proximal tubules, interstitial fibrosis and hyalinization of the glomeruli. The disease is endemic, outbreaks being associated with bad weather conditions. A positive correlation has been observed between the prevalence rates of porcine nephropathy and the frequency of ochratoxin A in corresponding feed samples. Surveys for residues of ochratoxin A in kidneys from cases of porcine nephropathy in a number of European countries other than Denmark have demonstrated that 21-42% of samples contain ochratoxin A in the range of 1-100 micrograms/kg.
在北美、亚洲和欧洲开展的众多调查显示，赭曲霉毒素A是植物产品的一种天然污染物。已发现污染频率高达40%，含量在5 - 500微克/千克范围内。赭曲霉毒素A是猪肾病的主要致病因素；但其他肾毒性霉菌毒素，如桔霉素和真菌醌，可能也有牵连。该病的临床特征为多尿和生长发育受阻。猪的肾脏病变包括近端肾小管变性、间质纤维化和肾小球玻璃样变。该病呈地方性流行，疫情爆发与恶劣天气状况有关。在丹麦以外的一些欧洲国家，对猪肾病病例肾脏中赭曲霉毒素A残留的调查表明，21% - 42%的样本含有含量在1 - 100微克/千克范围内的赭曲霉毒素A。
