Cedazo-Mínguez Angel
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KI-Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, NOVUM, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Cell Mol Med. 2007 Nov-Dec;11(6):1227-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2007.00130.x.
Multiple genetic and environmental factors are likely to contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The most important known risk factor for AD is presence of the E4 isoform of apolipoprotein E (apoE). Epidemiological studies demonstrated that apoE4 carriers have a higher risk and develop the disease and an early onset. Moreover, apoE4 is the only molecule that has been associated with all the biochemical disturbances characteristic of the disease: amyloid-beta (Abeta) deposition, tangle formation, oxidative stress, lipid homeostasis deregulation, synaptic plasticity loss and cholinergic dysfunction. This large body of evidence suggest that apoE is a key player in the pathogenesis of AD. This short review examines the current facts and hypotheses of the association between apoE4 and AD, as well as the therapeutic possibilities that apoE might offer for the treatment of this disease.
多种遗传和环境因素可能导致阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发生。已知AD最重要的风险因素是载脂蛋白E（apoE）的E4异构体的存在。流行病学研究表明，apoE4携带者患该病的风险更高，且发病更早。此外，apoE4是唯一与该疾病所有特征性生化紊乱相关的分子：β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）沉积、缠结形成、氧化应激、脂质稳态失调、突触可塑性丧失和胆碱能功能障碍。大量证据表明，apoE是AD发病机制中的关键因素。这篇简短的综述探讨了apoE4与AD之间关联的当前事实和假说，以及apoE可能为该疾病治疗提供的可能性。
