Arslantas Didem, Unsal Aleattin, Metintas Selma, Koc Filiz, Arslantas Ali
Eskisehir-Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty, Deparment of Public Health, Meselik-Eskisehir, Turkey.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009 Mar-Apr;48(2):127-31. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2007.11.005. Epub 2008 Jan 22.
Certain difficulties in daily life activities appear and quality of life (QoL) begins to deteriorate with old age. This study aimed at determining QoL and activities of daily living (ADL) of elderly people in rural areas of Eskişehir, and at identifying applicable factors in this regard. Cross-sectional study managed to reach 1301 (81.3%) of elderly people. Face-to-face interviews and the WHOQOL-BREF QoL scale and questionnaire were applied to evaluate daily life activities, as well as instrumental activities all of which contained sociodemographic features. WHOQOL-BREF life quality scale comprised of four domains with grades between 0 and 20. Those who received help from others in the execution of these activities were labelled as "dependent", those who received partial aid during the execution of these activities were labelled as "partially dependent", and those who did not receive any help in their daily activities were labelled as "independent" individuals. Average age of 1301 people contacted was 71.52+/-5.18 (ranging 65-91 years); 675 of them were women (51.9%), 626 were men (48.1%). Three hundred and eighty-seven of these elderly people (29.7%) had no medically diagnosed illnesses, whereas 18 of them (1.4%) were bedridden. With older age, with the exception of social and environmental areas, life quality got even worse in women, widows, illiterates, bedridden and those with medically diagnosed diseases. As women were more dependent on issues such as housework, shopping, traveling, transporting and bathing, men were more dependent on areas such as meal preparation. No distinction between men and women were identified in areas such as dressing, toilet use, urine and bowel continence and eating. As a conclusion, in cases where medically diagnosed diseases were present, quality of life in women that were dependent somehow in daily activities was worse. It was concluded that medicosocial services for the elderly would be prioritized and studies on chronic diseases would be re-evaluated.
随着年龄增长，日常生活活动会出现某些困难，生活质量（QoL）也开始下降。本研究旨在确定埃斯基谢希尔农村地区老年人的生活质量和日常生活活动（ADL），并找出这方面的相关影响因素。横断面研究成功纳入了1301名（81.3%）老年人。采用面对面访谈，并应用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL-BREF）和问卷来评估日常生活活动以及包含社会人口学特征的工具性活动。WHOQOL-BREF生活质量量表由四个领域组成，评分范围为0至20分。在这些活动执行过程中接受他人帮助的被标记为“依赖型”，执行过程中接受部分帮助的被标记为“部分依赖型”，日常生活中未接受任何帮助的被标记为“独立型”个体。所接触的1301人的平均年龄为71.52±5.18岁（年龄范围65 - 91岁）；其中675人为女性（51.9%），626人为男性（48.1%）。这些老年人中有387人（29.7%）没有医学诊断疾病，而其中18人（1.4%）卧床不起。随着年龄增长，除社会和环境领域外，女性、寡妇、文盲、卧床不起者以及患有医学诊断疾病者的生活质量更差。由于女性在做家务、购物、出行、运输和洗澡等方面更依赖他人，男性在准备饭菜等方面更依赖他人。在穿衣、使用厕所、大小便失禁和进食等方面未发现男女之间存在差异。总之，在存在医学诊断疾病的情况下，日常生活中某种程度上依赖他人的女性生活质量更差。得出的结论是，将优先为老年人提供医疗社会服务，并重新评估关于慢性病的研究。
