Ambroszkiewicz J, Klemarczyk W, Gajewska J, Chełchowska M, Laskowska-Klita T
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Mother and Child, ul. Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warszawa, Poland.
Adv Med Sci. 2007;52:279-82.
In general, most children on well-planed vegetarian diets can achieve normal growth and development. However, elimination of animal products from the diet decreases the intake of some essential nutrients, such as calcium and vitamin D, and may influence bone metabolism. This is especially important in childhood and adolescence, when growth and bone turnover are most intensive. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum concentrations of biochemical bone turnover markers in prepubertal vegetarian children.
We examined 50 children on vegetarian and 50 on omnivorous diets aged 2-10 years. Dietary constituents were analyzed using a local nutritional program. Serum bone formation (OC, BALP) and resorption (CTX) markers were determined by specific enzyme immunoassays (ELISA) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D by the chemiluminescence method (CLIA).
The average daily energetic value and the percentage of energy from protein, fat and carbohydrates in the diets were similar in both groups of children and were within the recommended range. The vegetarian children showed about a two-fold lower daily intake of calcium and vitamin D than their omnivorous counterparts. The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the serum of vegetarian children was also nearly 2-fold lower compared with omnivores. In vegetarians, as compared to non-vegetarians, mean serum concentrations of OC, BALP and CTX were lower by about 20%, 10% and 15%, respectively.
Our preliminary results suggest that an inadequate dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D may impair bone turnover rate in vegetarian children. The parameters of bone metabolism should be monitored in these children in order to prevent bone abnormalities.
一般来说，大多数遵循精心规划的素食饮食的儿童能够实现正常的生长发育。然而，从饮食中剔除动物产品会减少某些必需营养素的摄入，如钙和维生素D，并可能影响骨骼代谢。这在儿童期和青春期尤为重要，因为此时生长和骨转换最为活跃。本研究的目的是调查青春期前素食儿童血清中生化骨转换标志物的浓度。
我们检查了50名2至10岁的素食儿童和50名杂食儿童。使用当地的营养程序分析饮食成分。通过特定的酶免疫测定法（ELISA）测定血清骨形成（OC、BALP）和吸收（CTX）标志物，通过化学发光法（CLIA）测定25-羟基维生素D。
两组儿童饮食中的平均每日能量值以及蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物提供的能量百分比相似，且均在推荐范围内。素食儿童的钙和维生素D日摄入量比杂食儿童低约两倍。与杂食儿童相比，素食儿童血清中的25-羟基维生素D水平也低近两倍。与非素食者相比，素食者血清中OC、BALP和CTX的平均浓度分别低约20%、10%和15%。
我们的初步结果表明，素食儿童饮食中钙和维生素D摄入不足可能会损害骨转换率。应对这些儿童的骨代谢参数进行监测，以预防骨骼异常。
