Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17A, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17A, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients. 2018 Feb 7;10(2):183. doi: 10.3390/nu10020183.
Vegetarian diets contain many beneficial properties as well as carry a risk of inadequate intakes of several nutrients important to bone health. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum levels of bone metabolism markers and to analyze the relationships between biochemical bone markers and anthropometric parameters in children on vegetarian and omnivorous diets. The study included 70 prepubertal children on a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet and 60 omnivorous children. Body composition, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Biochemical markers-bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dkk-1)-were measured using immunoenzymatic assays. In vegetarians, we observed a significantly higher level of BALP ( = 0.002) and CTX-I ( = 0.027), and slightly lower spine BMC ( = 0.067) and BMD ( = 0.060) than in omnivores. Concentrations of OPG, RANKL, sclerostin, and Dkk-1 were comparable in both groups of children. We found that CTX-I was positively correlated with BMC, total BMD, and lumbar spine BMD in vegetarians, but not in omnivores. A well-planned vegetarian diet with proper dairy and egg intake does not lead to significantly lower bone mass; however, children following a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet had a higher rate of bone turnover and subtle changes in bone regulatory markers. CTX-I might be an important marker for the protection of vegetarians from bone abnormalities.
素食饮食具有许多有益特性，但也存在几种对骨骼健康重要的营养物质摄入不足的风险。本研究的目的是评估骨代谢标志物的血清水平，并分析素食和杂食儿童的生化骨标志物与人体测量参数之间的关系。该研究纳入了 70 名处于青春期前的素食儿童和 60 名杂食儿童。通过双能 X 线吸收法评估身体成分、骨矿物质含量 (BMC) 和骨矿物质密度 (BMD)。使用免疫酶联测定法测量生化标志物 - 骨碱性磷酸酶 (BALP)、I 型胶原 C 端肽 (CTX-I)、骨保护素 (OPG)、核因子 κB 配体 (RANKL)、硬化蛋白和 Dickkopf 相关蛋白 1 (Dkk-1)。在素食者中，我们观察到 BALP（=0.002）和 CTX-I（=0.027）水平显著升高，而脊椎 BMC（=0.067）和 BMD（=0.060）略低。两组儿童的 OPG、RANKL、硬化蛋白和 Dkk-1 浓度相当。我们发现，CTX-I 与素食者的 BMC、总 BMD 和腰椎 BMD 呈正相关，但在杂食者中则无此相关性。计划良好的素食饮食，适当摄入乳制品和蛋类，不会导致骨量明显减少；然而，遵循乳蛋素食饮食的儿童骨转换率更高，骨调节标志物也有细微变化。CTX-I 可能是素食者预防骨骼异常的重要标志物。
