Türkün L Sebnem, Türkün Murat, Ertuğrul Fahinur, Ateş Mustafa, Brugger Stefan
Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ege University, School of Dentistry, Izmir, Turkey.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2008;20(1):29-44; discussion 45. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2008.00146.x.
Many regions in the world do not have electricity, water, or access to dental facilities that allows the treatment of caries with dental handpieces and rotary burs. For restorative techniques used in these regions, an antibacterial self-adherent glass ionomer material would contribute considerably.
This study aimed to test if chlorhexidine diacetate (Fluka BioChemika, Buchs, Switzerland)- or chlorhexidine digluconate (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany)-added ChemFil Superior glass ionomer cement (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) had any long-term antibacterial effect against certain oral bacteria and to test the new formulation's physical properties.
ChemFil Superior was used as a control. Chlorhexidine diacetate (powder) was added to the powder and chlorhexidine digluconate (liquid) was mixed with the powder in order to obtain 0.5, 1.25, and 2.5% concentrations of the respective groups. Setting time, compressive strength, and acid erosion were tested according to ISO 9917-1. Working time, hardness, diametral tensile strength, and biaxial flexural strength were also determined. Long-term antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, L. acidophilus, and C. albicans were tested with the agar diffusion method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison (p < 0.05).
Regarding the immediate antibacterial effect for S. mutans, all the tested groups showed inhibitions of the strain compared with the control group (p < 0.05), with larger zones for the higher concentration groups and all the diacetates. For L. acidophilus, all the groups were effective compared with the control, but the greatest antibacterial effect was observed with the 2.5% diacetate group. The 2.5% group of chlorhexidine diacetate showed antibacterial activity up to 90 days against S. mutans and up to 60 days against L. acidophilus. The working and setting time, acid erosion test, diametral tensile strength, and biaxial flexural strength of the tested groups were not different from the control ChemFil group. However, the 1.25 and 2.5% groups of chlorhexidine diacetate had significantly lower compressive strengths than the control group. Lower hardness values were obtained with the 0.5 and 2.5% chlorhexidine digluconate groups in comparison with the control group.
The results of this in vitro investigation demonstrated that chlorhexidine diacetate or digluconate added to the ChemFil Superior glass ionomer material can exhibit long-term antibacterial effects against S. mutans and L. acidophilus without compromising the physical properties of the material.
世界上许多地区没有电力、水，也无法使用牙科手机和旋转车针来治疗龋齿。对于这些地区使用的修复技术而言，一种抗菌自粘型玻璃离子材料将有很大帮助。
本研究旨在测试添加了二醋酸氯己定（瑞士布克斯Fluka生物化学公司）或葡萄糖酸氯己定（德国施泰因海姆西格玛奥德里奇公司）的ChemFil Superior玻璃离子水门汀（德国康斯坦茨登士柏德瑞公司）对某些口腔细菌是否具有长期抗菌作用，并测试新配方的物理性能。
以ChemFil Superior作为对照。将二醋酸氯己定（粉末）添加到粉末中，将葡萄糖酸氯己定（液体）与粉末混合，以获得各实验组0.5%、1.25%和2.5%的浓度。根据ISO 9917-1测试凝固时间、抗压强度和酸蚀情况。还测定了工作时间、硬度、径向拉伸强度和双轴弯曲强度。采用琼脂扩散法测试对变形链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和白色念珠菌的长期抗菌活性。采用方差分析（ANOVA）进行比较（p < 0.05）。
关于对变形链球菌的即时抗菌效果，与对照组相比，所有测试组均显示出对该菌株的抑制作用（p < 0.05），浓度较高的组以及所有二醋酸氯己定组的抑菌圈更大。对于嗜酸乳杆菌，与对照组相比所有组均有效，但2.5%二醋酸氯己定组的抗菌效果最为显著。2.5%二醋酸氯己定组对变形链球菌的抗菌活性可持续长达90天，对嗜酸乳杆菌的抗菌活性可持续长达60天。测试组的工作时间、凝固时间、酸蚀试验、径向拉伸强度和双轴弯曲强度与对照ChemFil组无差异。然而，1.25%和2.5%二醋酸氯己定组的抗压强度显著低于对照组。与对照组相比，0.5%和2.5%葡萄糖酸氯己定组的硬度值更低。
这项体外研究的结果表明，添加到ChemFil Superior玻璃离子材料中的二醋酸氯己定或葡萄糖酸氯己定可对变形链球菌和嗜酸乳杆菌产生长期抗菌作用，且不影响材料的物理性能。
