Hanson Karen, Zylla Emily, Allen Sharon, Li Zhongze, Hatsukami Dorothy K
University of Minnesota, Tobacco Use Research Center, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008 May 1;95(1-2):164-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.12.002. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
This observational study examined whether adolescents who were not interested in quitting could reduce cigarette smoking and if cigarette reduction led to a corresponding and significant reduction in biomarkers of exposure. The study design was a randomized, open-label trial of nicotine patch and nicotine gum with an added placebo control. Participants (n=103) attended 4 treatment visits over 4 weeks and follow-up visits at 3- and 6-months. Participants were told to reduce their smoking by 25% of baseline smoking during the 1st week and by 50% of baseline smoking during the subsequent 3 weeks. Of consented participants, 91.3% (n=94/103) completed the study until the end-of-treatment, 85.1% (n=80/94) completed the 3-month follow-up visit and 71.3% (n=67/94) completed the 6-month follow-up visit. Participants had a very high prevalence of co-morbidity. With regard to the percentage of participants who achieved a 50% reduction of baseline smoking, there were no significant differences among treatment groups (p=.89). At the end-of-treatment, 49.4% of participants (n=41) had reduced smoking by at least 50%. Additionally, there was no significant group, visit or interaction effect of a biomarker measure for carcinogen exposure (p>.05). The results suggest that reduction may be a potential aid to engage adolescents who are unable or unwilling to quit, but should not be an end goal. The effect of treatment methods on outcome measures did not differ significantly.
这项观察性研究考察了对戒烟不感兴趣的青少年是否能够减少吸烟量，以及吸烟量的减少是否会相应地显著降低接触生物标志物的水平。研究设计为一项随机、开放标签的尼古丁贴片和尼古丁口香糖试验，并增设了安慰剂对照。参与者（n = 103）在4周内参加4次治疗访视，并在3个月和6个月时进行随访。参与者被告知在第1周将吸烟量减少至基线吸烟量的25%，在随后3周将吸烟量减少至基线吸烟量的50%。在同意参与的参与者中，91.3%（n = 94/103）完成了治疗直至治疗结束，85.1%（n = 80/94）完成了3个月的随访访视，71.3%（n = 67/94）完成了6个月的随访访视。参与者的共病患病率非常高。关于实现基线吸烟量减少50%的参与者百分比，各治疗组之间无显著差异（p = 0.89）。在治疗结束时，49.4%的参与者（n = 41）吸烟量减少了至少50%。此外，致癌物接触生物标志物测量的组、访视或交互效应均无显著差异（p>0.05）。结果表明，减少吸烟量可能有助于促使那些无法或不愿戒烟的青少年参与进来，但不应将其作为最终目标。治疗方法对结局指标的影响无显著差异。
