Salmon J, Ball K, Hume C, Booth M, Crawford D
Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Apr;32(4):601-12. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803805. Epub 2008 Feb 5.
To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to prevent excess weight gain, reduce time spent in screen behaviours, promote participation in and enjoyment of physical activity (PA), and improve fundamental movement skills among children.
In 2002, 311 children (78% response; 49% boys), average age 10 years 8 months, were recruited from three government schools in low socioeconomic areas of Melbourne, Australia.
Group-randomized controlled trial. Children were randomized by class to one of the four conditions: a behavioural modification group (BM; n=66); a fundamental movement skills group (FMS; n=74); a combined BM/FMS group (BM/FMS; n=93); and a control (usual curriculum) group (n=62). Data were collected at baseline, post intervention, 6- and 12-month follow-up periods.
BMI data were available for 295 children at baseline and 268 at 12-month follow-up. After adjusting for food intake and PA, there was a significant intervention effect from baseline to post intervention on age- and sex-adjusted BMI in the BM/FMS group compared with controls (-1.88 kg m(-2), P<0.01), which was maintained at 6- and 12-month follow-up periods (-1.53 kg m(-2), P<0.05). Children in the BM/FMS group were less likely than controls to be overweight/obese between baseline and post intervention (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.36, P<0.05); also maintained at 12-month follow-up (AOR=0.38, P<0.05). Compared with controls, FMS group children recorded higher levels and greater enjoyment of PA; and BM children recorded higher levels of PA and TV viewing across all four time points. Gender moderated the intervention effects for participation in and enjoyment of PA, and fundamental movement skills.
This programme represents a promising approach to preventing excess weight gain and promoting participation in and enjoyment of PA. Examination of the mediators of this intervention and further tailoring of the programme to suit both genders is required.
评估一项干预措施在预防儿童体重过度增加、减少屏幕行为时间、促进参与体育活动（PA）并享受体育活动以及提高儿童基本运动技能方面的效果。
2002年，从澳大利亚墨尔本低社会经济地区的三所政府学校招募了311名儿童（应答率78%；49%为男孩），平均年龄10岁8个月。
群组随机对照试验。儿童按班级随机分为四种情况之一：行为改变组（BM；n = 66）；基本运动技能组（FMS；n = 74）；BM/FMS联合组（BM/FMS；n = 93）；以及对照组（常规课程）（n = 62）。在基线、干预后、6个月和12个月随访期收集数据。
295名儿童在基线时有BMI数据，268名儿童在12个月随访时有BMI数据。在调整食物摄入量和体育活动后，与对照组相比，BM/FMS组从基线到干预后在年龄和性别调整后的BMI方面有显著干预效果（-1.88 kg m(-2)，P < 0.01），在6个月和12个月随访期保持这一效果（-1.53 kg m(-2)，P < 0.05）。在基线和干预后之间，BM/FMS组儿童超重/肥胖的可能性低于对照组（调整后的优势比（AOR）= 0.36，P < 0.05）；在12个月随访时也保持这一结果（AOR = 0.38，P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，FMS组儿童的体育活动水平更高且更享受体育活动；BM组儿童在所有四个时间点的体育活动水平和看电视时间都更高。性别对参与体育活动并享受体育活动以及基本运动技能的干预效果有调节作用。
该项目是预防体重过度增加以及促进参与体育活动并享受体育活动的一种有前景的方法。需要对该干预措施的中介因素进行研究，并进一步调整该项目以适合两种性别。
