美国加利福尼亚州森林服务设施中接触啮齿动物传播的汉坦病毒的职业风险。

Occupational risk of exposure to rodent-borne hantavirus at US forest service facilities in California.

作者信息

Levine Jessica R, Fritz Curtis L, Novak Mark G

机构信息

Division of Communicable Disease Control, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California95899-7377, USA.

出版信息

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Feb;78(2):352-7.

PMID:18256445

Abstract

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a frequently fatal viral disease transmitted through rodent secretions and excretions. Working around deer mice can increase risk of infection. This study assessed potential risk of HCPS at facilities occupied by the US Forest Service (USFS) in California. In 2004-2005, 18 USFS facilities in eight National Forests in California were evaluated for evidence of rodent infestation and circulation of hantavirus. Structural deficiencies and evidence of rodent infestation were observed at 18 facilities. Serum antibodies to hantavirus were detected in 50 of 255 deer mice collected from 15 facilities. Seroprevalence was higher at elevations > 1,600 m (22%). Employees at 14 facilities had received training in rodent-borne disease prevention. Risk of HCPS among USFS employees should motivate inclusion of disease prevention information into employee safety training.

摘要

汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HCPS）是一种通过啮齿动物分泌物和排泄物传播的、常导致死亡的病毒性疾病。在鹿鼠附近工作会增加感染风险。本研究评估了美国林业局（USFS）在加利福尼亚州的设施中汉坦病毒心肺综合征的潜在风险。2004年至2005年，对加利福尼亚州八个国家森林中的18个美国林业局设施进行了评估，以寻找啮齿动物出没和汉坦病毒传播的证据。在18个设施中观察到了结构缺陷和啮齿动物出没的迹象。从15个设施收集的255只鹿鼠中，有50只检测出汉坦病毒血清抗体。海拔>1600米处的血清阳性率更高（22%）。14个设施的员工接受了啮齿动物传播疾病预防培训。美国林业局员工感染汉坦病毒心肺综合征的风险应促使将疾病预防信息纳入员工安全培训。