Bandurska-Stankiewicz Elzbieta, Wiatr Dorota
Z Oddziału Endokrynologii i Diabetologii Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego w Olsztynie.
Klin Oczna. 2007;109(7-9):359-62.
Diabetic visual complications prevention relies, on the one hand, on an intensive metabolic control of diabetes and elimination of coexisting risk factors for development of diabetic retinopathy and, on the other hand on carrying out a programme for early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Proper treatment of diabetes, expressed by good glycaemia control, proper arterial pressure parameters and lipid concentration in blood reduce the risk of heavy complications and extends life span and improves its quality. An ideal model of screening studies towards diabetic retinopathy is based on an annual examination of vision acuity and eye fundus in all diabetic patients, by an experienced ophthalmologist using precise methods for imaging eye fundus. Examination of the eye fundus completed with fluorescein angiography make a golden standard in retinopathy diagnosis and classification. The incidence of vision loss due to diabetes is significantly lower in the countries which introduced programs preventing retinopathy than in those which do not have them.
糖尿病视觉并发症的预防一方面依赖于对糖尿病进行强化代谢控制并消除糖尿病视网膜病变发展过程中并存的危险因素，另一方面依赖于开展糖尿病视网膜病变的早期检测和治疗项目。通过良好的血糖控制、适当的动脉压参数和血液中的脂质浓度来恰当治疗糖尿病，可降低严重并发症的风险，延长寿命并提高生活质量。针对糖尿病视网膜病变的理想筛查研究模式基于由经验丰富的眼科医生使用精确的眼底成像方法，对所有糖尿病患者每年进行视力和眼底检查。结合荧光素血管造影的眼底检查是视网膜病变诊断和分类的金标准。在推行预防视网膜病变项目的国家，因糖尿病导致视力丧失的发生率显著低于未推行此类项目的国家。
