Kapsak Wendy Reinhardt, Schmidt David, Childs Nancy M, Meunier John, White Christy
International Food Information Council, Washington, DC, USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2008 Mar;48(3):248-56. doi: 10.1080/10408390701286058.
On December 18, 2002, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced the Consumer Health Information for Better Nutrition Initiative. The initiative's goal is to make available more and better information about conventional foods and dietary supplements to help Americans improve their health and reduce risk of disease by making sound dietary decisions. It included a rating system to assess the "weight of the publicly available evidence." It assigns one of four ranked levels to the claim thus resulting in qualified health claims. Two phases of research were conducted by the International Food Information Council (IFIC) Foundation. Qualitative research to assess consumer understanding, vocabulary, and familiarity with claims helped with the design and orientation of the second quantitative research phase. The quantitative phase employed a Web-based survey. The claim formats included: report card graphic, report card text, embedded claim text, point-counterpoint, structure/function claim, and nutrient content claim. Respondents were asked to rate the product for perceived strength of scientific evidence provided to support the claim, and questions about the product's perceived healthfulness, quality, safety, and purchase intent. Consumers found it difficult to discriminate across four levels and showed inclination to project the scientific validity grade onto other product attributes. Consumers showed preference for simpler messages.
2002年12月18日，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）宣布了“改善营养的消费者健康信息倡议”。该倡议的目标是提供更多、更好的关于传统食品和膳食补充剂的信息，以帮助美国人通过做出合理的饮食决策来改善健康状况并降低患病风险。它包括一个评估“公开可得证据的权重”的评级系统。它为声明赋予四个等级之一，从而产生有条件的健康声明。国际食品信息理事会（IFIC）基金会进行了两个阶段的研究。评估消费者对声明的理解、词汇和熟悉程度的定性研究有助于第二个定量研究阶段的设计和定位。定量阶段采用了基于网络的调查。声明格式包括：成绩单图表、成绩单文本、嵌入式声明文本、正反观点对比、结构/功能声明和营养成分声明。要求受访者对产品支持声明所提供的科学证据的感知强度进行评分，并询问有关产品的感知健康性、质量、安全性和购买意愿的问题。消费者发现很难区分四个等级，并且倾向于将科学有效性等级投射到其他产品属性上。消费者更喜欢更简单的信息。
