Chen Joyce L, Penhune Virginia B, Zatorre Robert J
McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2008 Feb;20(2):226-39. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20018.
Much is known about the motor system and its role in simple movement execution. However, little is understood about the neural systems underlying auditory-motor integration in the context of musical rhythm, or the enhanced ability of musicians to execute precisely timed sequences. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated how performance and neural activity were modulated as musicians and nonmusicians tapped in synchrony with progressively more complex and less metrically structured auditory rhythms. A functionally connected network was implicated in extracting higher-order features of a rhythm's temporal structure, with the dorsal premotor cortex mediating these auditory-motor interactions. In contrast to past studies, musicians recruited the prefrontal cortex to a greater degree than nonmusicians, whereas secondary motor regions were recruited to the same extent. We argue that the superior ability of musicians to deconstruct and organize a rhythm's temporal structure relates to the greater involvement of the prefrontal cortex mediating working memory.
我们对运动系统及其在简单运动执行中的作用了解颇多。然而，对于音乐节奏背景下听觉 - 运动整合的神经系统，或者音乐家精确执行定时序列的增强能力，我们却知之甚少。利用功能磁共振成像，我们研究了音乐家和非音乐家在与逐渐复杂且节拍结构较少的听觉节奏同步敲击时，其表现和神经活动是如何被调节的。一个功能连接网络参与提取节奏时间结构的高阶特征，背侧运动前皮层介导这些听觉 - 运动相互作用。与以往研究不同的是，音乐家比非音乐家更多地激活了前额叶皮层，而二级运动区域的激活程度相同。我们认为，音乐家解构和组织节奏时间结构的卓越能力与前额叶皮层在介导工作记忆方面的更大参与有关。
