Nusslock R, Alloy L B, Abramson L Y, Harmon-Jones E, Hogan M E
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Minerva Pediatr. 2008 Feb;60(1):41-50.
Research indicates that bipolar disorder is characterized by both high levels of impairment and high levels of achievement. A critical, and yet largely unexamined question, is: what psychological mechanisms promote high accomplishment (and low impairment) among bipolar spectrum individuals? The aim of this study was to examine this question. The Authors also conceptually explore how the answer to this question can enhance the development of intervention and prevention strategies for adolescents with a bipolar spectrum condition.
Academic transcript data were obtained for 120 college students who had either a bipolar spectrum disorder (N=54) or no major psychopathology (N=66).
Bipolar spectrum individuals obtained a lower cumulative grade point average (GPA, t=-2.9, P=0.005) and dropped more classes (t=2.1, P=or<0.04) than normal controls. The findings also have relevance to the behavioral approach system (BAS) dysregulation theory of bipolar disorder, as well as research on impulsivity among bipolar individuals. Specifically, follow-up analyses revealed that bipolar individuals exhibiting a combination of high BAS drive and low impulsivity earned higher GPAs than the remaining bipolar individuals. Thus, high BAS sensitivity, when paired with low impulsivity, may not be impairing and may contribute to the high achievement sometimes observed among bipolar individuals.
Such information is important for the development of prevention and intervention programs designed adolescents that lower risk for bipolar impairment without decreasing achievement.
研究表明，双相情感障碍的特点是高损害水平和高成就水平并存。一个关键但基本上未被探讨的问题是：哪些心理机制促使双相谱系个体取得高成就（并降低损害）？本研究的目的是探讨这个问题。作者还从概念上探讨了这个问题的答案如何能够促进针对双相谱系障碍青少年的干预和预防策略的发展。
获取了120名大学生的学业成绩单数据，这些学生要么患有双相谱系障碍（N = 54），要么没有重大精神病理学问题（N = 66）。
与正常对照组相比，双相谱系个体的累积平均绩点（GPA，t = -2.9，P = 0.005）较低，且退课更多（t = 2.1，P = 或 <0.04）。这些发现也与双相情感障碍的行为趋近系统（BAS）失调理论以及双相个体的冲动性研究相关。具体而言，后续分析显示，表现出高BAS驱力和低冲动性组合的双相个体的GPA高于其余双相个体。因此，高BAS敏感性与低冲动性相结合时，可能不会造成损害，反而可能有助于解释双相个体有时所表现出的高成就。
这些信息对于制定针对青少年的预防和干预计划非常重要，这些计划在不降低成就的情况下降低双相情感障碍损害的风险。
