Kim Brian
Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Thyroid. 2008 Feb;18(2):141-4. doi: 10.1089/thy.2007.0266.
It has long been accepted that thyroid hormone is an important determinant of overall energy expenditure and the basal metabolic rate. Indeed, regulating thermogenesis is one of the major tasks of thyroid hormone in adult humans. A wealth of data have demonstrated the effects of thyroid hormone on cellular processes involved with energy expenditure, yet in spite of this body of work it remains unclear which 3,3'-triiodothyronine-responsive energetic processes are most relevant for the determination of the basal metabolic rate. Recently, a novel metabolic role for thyroid hormone has been recognized based on the observation that bile acids can activate local production of thyroid hormone via induction of the type 2 deiodinase. Nevertheless, more work must be done before it can be fully explained how thyroid hormone determines the metabolic rate.
长期以来，人们一直认为甲状腺激素是总体能量消耗和基础代谢率的重要决定因素。事实上，调节产热是甲状腺激素在成年人体内的主要任务之一。大量数据证明了甲状腺激素对与能量消耗相关的细胞过程的影响，然而，尽管有大量此类研究，但仍不清楚哪些3,3'-三碘甲状腺原氨酸反应性能量过程与基础代谢率的测定最为相关。最近，基于胆汁酸可通过诱导2型脱碘酶激活甲状腺激素的局部产生这一观察结果，人们认识到甲状腺激素具有一种新的代谢作用。尽管如此，在能够充分解释甲状腺激素如何决定代谢率之前，仍需开展更多工作。
