Dave Sandeep P, Vivero Richard J, Roy Soham
Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Feb;134(2):206-9. doi: 10.1001/archoto.2007.48.
Mucormycosis is a rare and potentially fatal fungal infection that most commonly affects the immunocompromised population. Although originally described by Paltauf in 1885 (D. G. Finn as cited by Vessely et al(1)((p573)) and A. M. Marchevsky as cited by Oh and Notrica(2)((p1607))), it was not until 1955 that Harris (as cited by Vessely et al(1)((p573))) reported the first case of a mucormycosis survivor. In recent years, the number of immunosuppressed patients has increased partly owing to the widespread implementation of organ transplantation and the increasing prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Consequently, the incidence of mucormycosis has also increased, especially in pediatric patients. In the setting of immunocompromise, a high index of suspicion is required to accurately diagnose and treat this potentially lethal infection in a timely fashion. To our knowledge, we report the first case of facial cutaneous mucormycosis in an infant, who also represents the first reported neonate or infant to survive a cutaneous mucormycosis infection of the head and neck.
毛霉菌病是一种罕见且可能致命的真菌感染，最常影响免疫功能低下人群。尽管最初由帕尔陶夫于1885年描述（韦塞利等人(1)((第573页))引用D.G.芬恩的说法，以及奥和诺特里卡(2)((第1607页))引用A.M.马尔采夫斯基的说法），但直到1955年哈里斯（韦塞利等人(1)((第573页))引用）才报告了首例毛霉菌病幸存者病例。近年来，免疫抑制患者数量有所增加，部分原因是器官移植的广泛开展以及人类免疫缺陷病毒感染患病率的上升。因此，毛霉菌病的发病率也有所增加，尤其是在儿科患者中。在免疫功能低下的情况下，需要高度怀疑才能及时准确地诊断和治疗这种潜在致命感染。据我们所知，我们报告了首例婴儿面部皮肤毛霉菌病病例，该婴儿也是首例报告的头颈部皮肤毛霉菌病感染存活的新生儿或婴儿。
