Shih Shu-Fang, Chen Likwang, Wen Chi Pang, Yang Wei-Chih, Shih Yaw-Tang
Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 6F, No.17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei100, Taiwan.
BMC Public Health. 2008 Feb 20;8:67. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-67.
Although many studies have investigated the negative effects of parental smoking on children and Taiwan has started campaigns to promote smoke-free homes, little is known about the smoking behaviours of Taiwanese parents during the childbearing period. To help fill the gap, this study investigated Taiwanese parents' smoking behaviours before, during and after the birth of their children, particularly focusing on smoking cessation during pregnancy and relapse after childbirth.
We used data from the Survey of Health Status of Women and Children, conducted by Taiwan's National Health Research Institutes in 2000. After excluding survey respondents with missing information about their smoking behaviours, our sample consisted of 3,109 women who were married at the time of interview and had at least one childbearing experience between March 1, 1995 and February 28, 1999. Data on parental smoking behaviour in the six months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and in the first year after childbirth were extracted from the survey and analysed by descriptive statistics as well as logistic regression.
Four percent of the mothers and sixty percent of the fathers smoked before the conception of their first child. The educational attainment and occupation of the parents were associated with their smoking status before the first pregnancy in the family. Over 80% of smoking mothers did not quit during pregnancy, and almost all of the smoking fathers continued tobacco use while their partners were pregnant. Over two thirds of the women who stopped smoking during their pregnancies relapsed soon after childbirth. Very few smoking men stopped tobacco use while their partners were pregnant, and over a half of those who quit started to smoke again soon after their children were born.
Among Taiwanese women who had childbearing experiences in the late 1990s, few smoked. Of those who smoked, few quit during pregnancy. Most of those who quit relapsed in the first year after childbirth. The smoking prevalence was high among the husbands of these Taiwanese women, and almost all of these smoking fathers continued tobacco use while their partners were pregnant. It is important to advocate the benefits of a smoke-free home to Taiwanese parents-to-be and parents with young children, especially the fathers. The government should take advantage of its free prenatal care and well-child care services to do this. In addition to educational campaigns through the media, the government can request physicians to promote smoke-free homes when they deliver prenatal care and well-child care. This could help reduce young children's health risks from their mothers' smoking during pregnancy and second-hand smoke at home.
尽管许多研究调查了父母吸烟对孩子的负面影响，且台湾已开展促进无烟家庭的活动，但对于台湾父母在生育期间的吸烟行为却知之甚少。为填补这一空白，本研究调查了台湾父母在孩子出生前、出生期间和出生后的吸烟行为，尤其关注孕期戒烟和产后复吸情况。
我们使用了台湾国家卫生研究院2000年进行的妇女儿童健康状况调查的数据。在排除吸烟行为信息缺失的调查对象后，我们的样本包括3109名在访谈时已婚且在1995年3月1日至1999年2月28日期间至少有一次生育经历的女性。从调查中提取了怀孕前六个月、孕期以及产后第一年父母吸烟行为的数据，并通过描述性统计和逻辑回归进行分析。
在第一个孩子受孕前，4%的母亲和60%的父亲吸烟。父母的教育程度和职业与家庭中首次怀孕前的吸烟状况有关。超过80%的吸烟母亲在孕期未戒烟，几乎所有吸烟父亲在其伴侣怀孕时继续吸烟。超过三分之二在孕期戒烟的女性在产后不久就复吸了。很少有吸烟男性在其伴侣怀孕时戒烟，其中超过一半戒烟的男性在孩子出生后不久又开始吸烟。
在20世纪90年代末有生育经历的台湾女性中，很少有人吸烟。在吸烟的女性中，很少有人在孕期戒烟。大多数戒烟的女性在产后第一年复吸。这些台湾女性的丈夫吸烟率很高，几乎所有这些吸烟父亲在其伴侣怀孕时继续吸烟。向台湾准父母和有幼儿的父母，尤其是父亲，宣传无烟家庭的益处非常重要。政府应利用其免费的产前护理和儿童健康护理服务来做到这一点。除了通过媒体开展教育活动外，政府可以要求医生在提供产前护理和儿童健康护理时推广无烟家庭。这有助于降低幼儿因母亲孕期吸烟和家中二手烟而面临的健康风险。
